User:Duncan dfc/sandbox
General
[edit]Location
[edit]Folliculostellate (FS) cells are located within the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.[1] They are located along with 5 types of endocrine cells involved in functions such as growth, metabolism and regulation.
Histology
[edit]The characteristic features of FS cells are their star shape, hence the –stellate part of the name, and their ability to form follicles.[1] Unlike the majority of cells in the anterior pituitary, they are non-endocrine and agranular. They typically have a large number of microvilli on their apical side, and lysosomes exist within them, perhaps suggesting phagocytotic activity.[2] Markers for FS cells include the S-100 protein, the Glial Fibriliary acidic protein (GFAP) and a more recent discovery, green florescent protein (GFP) which was found in the anterior pituitary of transgenic rats.[3] The S-100 protein can also be found in the cells of Rathke’s pouch, suggesting a similarity between these cells.[2]
Ultrastructure
[edit]Usually found lining the lumen of small follicles situated within the pituitary gland. They have long, cytoplasmic processes which interlock to form a mesh, within which the endocrine cells reside.[4] Upon electron microscopy, gap junctions can be seen between the FS cells and the adjacent endocrine cells.[2] They are excitable cells, something which is unusual given the fact that they are agranular.[4]
- ^ a b Devnath, S.; Inoue, K. (2008-06-01). "An Insight to Pituitary Folliculo-Stellate Cells". Journal of Neuroendocrinology. 20 (6): 687–691. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.01716.x. ISSN 1365-2826.
- ^ a b c Inoue, K.; Couch, E. F.; Takano, K.; Ogawa, S. (August 1999). "The structure and function of folliculo-stellate cells in the anterior pituitary gland". Archives of Histology and Cytology. 62 (3): 205–218. ISSN 0914-9465. PMID 10495875.
- ^ Itakura, Eisuke; Odaira, Kousuke; Yokoyama, Kotaro; Osuna, Marumi; Hara, Takahiko; Inoue, Kinji (2007-04-01). "Generation of Transgenic Rats Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein in S-100β-Producing Pituitary Folliculo-Stellate Cells and Brain Astrocytes". Endocrinology. 148 (4): 1518–1523. doi:10.1210/en.2006-1390. ISSN 0013-7227.
- ^ a b Fauquier, Teddy; Guérineau, Nathalie C.; McKinney, R. Anne; Bauer, Karl; Mollard, Patrice (2001-07-17). "Folliculostellate cell network: A route for long-distance communication in the anterior pituitary". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 98 (15): 8891–8896. doi:10.1073/pnas.151339598. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 11438713.