3C 315
| 3C 315 | |
|---|---|
 Radio galaxy 3C 315 taken with SDSS. | |
| Observation data (J2000.0 epoch) | |
| Constellation | Boötes |
| Right ascension | 15h 13m 40.09s[1] |
| Declination | +26° 07′ 31.86″[1] |
| Redshift | 0.108300[1] |
| Heliocentric radial velocity | 32,468 km/s[1] |
| Distance | 1.647 Gly |
| Apparent magnitude (B) | 16.30 |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | Double galaxy NLRG[1] |
| Other designations | |
| 4C +26.47, PKS 1511+26, PGC 54357, B2 1511+26, DA 377, NRAO 0472, CoNFIG 211, NVSS J151339+260733[1] | |
3C 315 is a Fanaroff-Riley class type 2[2] radio galaxy located in the constellation of Boötes. It has a redshift of (z) 0.108[1] and it was first discovered by astronomers in 1962.[3] This object is found to have a prototype X-shaped double radio source with its host, an elliptical galaxy being a member of a close double system.[4][5][6]
Description
[edit]3C 315 is described having a flattened appearance and a dust obscured central nucleus.[7] Its nuclear ellipticity is found to decrease at a large radius and has a central elongated structure which suggests an edge-on stellar disk.[8] It has an arc feature described as faint, which is located at a southern end of the galaxy. A large round galaxy companion is seen in the direction of south.[9] The total star forming infrared luminosity of 3C 315 is estimated to be (1.4 ± 0.61) x 1010 Lʘ.[10]
The source of 3C 315 is found peculiar with a banana-shaped radio structure.[8] When imaged, it has a central component[11] resolved into two individual components that are extended on each side of the central object. These components are however elongated and are perpendicular to the axis source. The flux density of both components at 5.0 GHz are estimated to be 1.3 ± 0.2 10−26 W m−2 Hz−1.[12] The radio core is found associated with a much brighter member galaxy in the system according to Very Large Array observations.[13] A weak hotspot is seen possibly located in the northeastern arm.[14] Evidence also showed the source is found heavily polarized with the levels rising by 50% in the north point extension.[15]
Spectral index mapping using radio maps at 1.65 and 2.7 GHz frequencies, have shown flat and steep spectral index regions located close to the core and at the tips of the radio lobes of 3C 315. Based on observations, both the northern and southern lobes have spectral indices of -1.46 and -1.26 at high frequencies, while most of the regions have a low-frequency measuring between -0.78 and -1.31. The wings located at northeast and southeast have measured spectra indices of -1.31 ± 0.03 and -1.27 ± 0.02 respectively.[5] A study published in 2024 suggested the X-shaped source of 3C 315 might be influenced through environmental factors, given the galaxy host's location inside a cluster.[16]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g "NED search results for 3C 315". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2025-06-22.
- ^ Owen, Frazer N.; Laing, Robert A. (May 1989). "CCD surface photometry of radio galaxies -I. FR class I and II sources". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 238 (2): 357–378. doi:10.1093/mnras/238.2.357. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ^ Goldstein, Samuel J. (April 1962). "Observations of sixty discrete sources at 1423 MC". The Astronomical Journal. 67: 171. Bibcode:1962AJ.....67..171G. doi:10.1086/108688. ISSN 0004-6256.
- ^ Nowakowski, Tomasz; Phys.org. "Astronomers investigate X-shaped radio galaxy 3C 315". phys.org. Retrieved 2025-06-22.
- ^ a b Lal, D. V.; Rao, A. P. (2007-01-21). "Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations of X-shaped radio sources". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 374 (3): 1085–1102. arXiv:astro-ph/0610678. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.374.1085L. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11225.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ^ Miley, G. (1980). "The structure of extended extragalactic radio sources". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 18: 165–218. Bibcode:1980ARA&A..18..165M. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.18.090180.001121. ISSN 0066-4146.
- ^ de Koff, Sigrid; Best, Philip; A. Baum, Stefi; Sparks, William; Röttgering, Huub; Miley, George (July 2000). "The Dust-Radio Connection in 3CR Radio Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 129 (1): 3–59. Bibcode:2000ApJS..129...33D. doi:10.1086/313402.
- ^ a b Capetti, A.; de Ruiter, H. R.; Fanti, R.; Morganti, R.; Parma, P.; Ulrich, M.-H. (October 2000). "The HST snapshot survey of the B2 sample of low luminosity radio-galaxies: a picture gallery". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 362: 871–885. arXiv:astro-ph/0009056. Bibcode:2000A&A...362..871C. ISSN 0004-6361.
- ^ Madrid, Juan P.; Chiaberge, Marco; Floyd, David; Sparks, William B.; Macchetto, Duccio; Miley, George K.; Axon, David; Capetti, Alessandro; O’Dea, Christopher P.; Baum, Stefi; Perlman, Eric; Quillen, Alice (June 2006). "Hubble Space Telescope Near-Infrared Snapshot Survey of 3CR Radio Source Counterparts at Low Redshift". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 164 (2): 307–333. arXiv:astro-ph/0603239. Bibcode:2006ApJS..164..307M. doi:10.1086/504480. ISSN 0067-0049.
- ^ Shi, Yong; Ogle, Patrick; Rieke, George H.; Antonucci, Robert; Hines, Dean C.; Smith, Paul S.; Low, Frank J.; Bouwman, Jeroen; Willmer, Christopher (November 2007). "Aromatic Features in AGNs: Star-forming Infrared Luminosity Function of AGN Host Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 669 (2): 841–861. arXiv:0707.2806. Bibcode:2007ApJ...669..841S. doi:10.1086/521594. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ^ Laing, R. A. (1981-02-01). "Observations of compact radio sources with the 5-km telescope". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 194 (2): 301–330. Bibcode:1981MNRAS.194..301L. doi:10.1093/mnras/194.2.301. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ^ Northover, K. J. E. (1976-11-01). "Observations of the Radio Galaxies 3C 264 and 3C 315". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 177 (2): 307–317. Bibcode:1976MNRAS.177..307N. doi:10.1093/mnras/177.2.307. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ^ Leahy, J. P.; Williams, A. G. (October 1984). "The bridges of classical double radio sources". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 210 (4): 929–951. doi:10.1093/mnras/210.4.929. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ^ Alexander, P.; Leahy, J. P. (March 1987). "Ageing and speeds in a representative sample of 21 classical double radio sources". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 225 (1): 1–26. Bibcode:1987MNRAS.225....1A. doi:10.1093/mnras/225.1.1. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ^ Hogbom, J. A. (May 1979). "A study of the radio galaxies 3C 111, 192, 219, 223, 315 and 452". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 36: 173–192. ISSN 0365-0138.
- ^ Borka Jovanović, V.; Borka, D.; Jovanović, P. (2024-11-26). "X-shaped radio galaxy 3C 315" (PDF). BOOK OF ABSTRACTS AND CONTRIBUTED PAPERS - International Meeting on Data for Atomic and Molecular Processes in Plasmas: Advances in Standards and Modelling. Belgrade, Serbia: Institute of Physics Belgrade. pp. 30–39. doi:10.69646/aob241108. ISBN 978-86-82441-69-4.
