February 4

February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 330 days remaining until the end of the year (331 in leap years).

Events

Up to 1900

• 211 – Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies, leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons, Caracalla and Geta.
• 960 – Song Taizu, founder of the Song Dynasty in China, comes to power in a coup.
• 1169 – Mount Etna on Sicily erupts. It is known exactly how many people were killed.
• 1454 – In the Thirteen Years' War, the Secret Council of the Prussian Confederacy sends a formal act of disobedience to the Grand Master.
• 1546 – The Siege of Pskov in the Livland War ends with the last Polish–Lithuanian forces leaving the city.
• 1703 – The day that forty–six of the forty-seven ronin committed sepuku.
• 1783 – American Revolutionary War: The United Kingdom formally declares that it will cease hostilities with the United States of America.
• 1789 – George Washington is unanimously elected to be the first President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College.
• 1792 – George Washington is unanimously elected to a second term as President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College.
• 1794 – The French legislature abolishes slavery throughout all territories of the French Republic.
• 1797 – An earthquake in Riobamba, Ecuador, kills up to 40,000 people.
• 1801 – John Marshall is sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States.
• 1810 – The British Navy seizes Guadeloupe.
• 1820 – The Chilean Navy completes the 2–day long capture of Valdivia, with just 300 men and 2 ships.
• 1825 – A flood along North Sea coasts kills around 800 people.
• 1846 – The first Mormon pioneers leave Nauvoo, Illinois, westward to what later became Salt Lake City.
• 1859 – Codex Sinaiticus discovered in Egypt.
• 1861 – American Civil War: In Montgomery, Alabama the Confederate States of America is formed by delegates from six break–away United States.
• 1862 – Bacardi, one of the world's largest spirits company, was founded as a small distillery in Santiago de Cuba in eastern Cuba.
• 1897 – Germany's first–known ice hockey game takes place in Berlin.
• 1899 – The Philippine-American War begins.
• 1899 – The German football club Werder Bremen is founded.

1901 – 1950

• 1915 – Germany establishes a submarine blockade around the UK and declares any vessel in it a legitimate target.
• 1927 – The first talkie is released – The Jazz Singer starring Al Jolson.
• 1932 – World War II: Japan occupies Harbin, China.
• 1932 – 1932 Winter Olympics open in Lake Placid, New York.
• 1932 – Asteroid 1239 Queteleta discovered by Eugène Joseph Delporte.
• 1934 – Asteroid 2824 Franke discovered by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth.
• 1936 – Radium E. becomes the first radioactive element to be made synthetically.
• 1938 – Thornton Wilder's play Our Town opens (New York City).
• 1938 – Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was released, and it went on to become a major box–office success, making more money than any other movie in 1938.
• 1941 – World War II: The United Service Organization (USO) is created to entertain American troops.
• 1943 – Battle of Stalingrad ends.
• 1945 – World War II: US President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin begin the Yalta Conference.
• 1948 – Ceylon (later renamed Sri Lanka) becomes independent within the British Commonwealth.

1951 – 2000

• 1957 – USS Nautilus, the first nuclear-powered submarine, logged her 60,000th nautical mile, matching the endurance of the fictional Nautilus described in Jules Verne's novel "20,000 Leagues Under the Sea".
• 1960 – Lorraine, Quebec is founded.
• 1962 – Ian Fleming's The Living Daylights first published.
• 1966 – All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 jet plunges into Tokyo Bay killing 133.
• 1967 – Lunar Orbiter 3 launches from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
• 1968 – Bowie Kuhn becomes the fifth commissioner of Major League Baseball, replacing William Eckert.
• 1969 – Yasser Arafat takes over as chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
• 1974 – The Symbionese Liberation Army kidnaps Patty Hearst in Berkeley, California.
• 1975 – A magnitude 7.3 earthquake occurs in Haicheng, Liaoning, China.
• 1976 – In Guatemala and Honduras an earthquake kills more than 22,000.
• 1976 – 1976 Winter Olympics open in Innsbruck, Austria.
• 1977 – Fleetwood Mac releases one of the biggest–selling albums of all time, Rumours.
• 1980 – Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini names Abolhassan Banisadr as president of Iran.
• 1991 – The Baseball Hall of Fame votes to ban Pete Rose.
• 1992 – Future–President Hugo Chávez leads a failed coup in Venezuela against Carlos Andres Perez.
• 1996 – A major snowstorm paralyzes the Midwestern United States. Milwaukee, Wisconsin ties its all–time record low temperature at −26 °F. (−32 °C)
• 1997 – O. J. Simpson is found to be civilly liable for the deaths of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman.
• 1997 – En route to Lebanon, two Israeli Sikorsky CH-53 troop–transport helicopters collide in mid–air over northern Galilee, Israel killing 73.
• 1997 – After at first contesting the results, Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic recognizes opposition victories in the November 1996 elections.
• 1998 – An earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter Scale in northeast Afghanistan kills more than 5,000.
• 1999 – Unarmed West African immigrant Amadou Diallo is shot dead by four plainclothes New York City police officers on an unrelated stake–out, inflaming race–relations in the city.
• 2000 – USS Iwo Jima (LHD-7) launched.
• 2000 – German extortionist Klaus-Peter Sabotta is jailed for life for attempted murder and extortion in connection with sabotage of German railway lines.

From 2001

• 2002 – The charity Cancer Research UK is founded.
• 2003 – The Hindu minority of Bangladesh declares the independence of Bangabhumi.
• 2003 – The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is officially renamed to Serbia and Montenegro and adopts a new constitution.
• 2004 – The social networking site Facebook is founded by Mark Zuckerberg.
• 2006 – A stampede at the ULTRA Stadium in Manila kills 71 people.
• 2007 – Super Bowl XLI takes place from Dolphins Stadium in Miami, Florida, USA.
• 2013 – It is announced that the remains dug up in a car park in Leicester are those of King Richard III of England.
• 2014 – The Scottish Parliament approves the legalization of same-sex marriage in Scotland, after England and Wales had also legalized it, in 2013.
• 2015 – TransAsia Airways Flight 235 crashes shortly after take–off from Taipei, Taiwan, killing 31 people.
• 2018 – American football: The Philadelphia Eagles win the Super Bowl for the first time, defeating the New England Patriots.

Births

Up to 1900

• 1483 – Ridolfo Ghirlandaio, Italian painter (d. 1561)
• 1505 – Nicolaus Rey, Polish poet (d. 1580)
• 1620 – Gustaf Bonde, Swedish statesman (d. 1667)
• 1639 – Alessandro Melani, Italian composer (d. 1703)
• 1646 – Hans Erasmus Assmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman and poet (d. 1699)
• 1676 – Giacomo Focco, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1753)
• 1677 – Johann Ludwig Bach, German composer (d. 1731)
• 1740 – Carl Michael Bellman, Swedish poet and composer (d. 1795)
• 1746 – Tadeusz Kosciuszko, Polish general and national hero of Poland and Lithuania (d. 1817)
• 1808 – Josef Kajetan Tyl, Czech playwright (d. 1856)
• 1811 – Aristide Cavaillé-Coll, French organist (d. 1899)
• 1831 – Oliver Ames, 35th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1895)
• 1840 – Hiram Stevens Maxim, American inventor (d. 1916)
• 1846 – Nikolay Umov, Russian physicist (d. 1915)
• 1848 – Jean Aicard, French poet, writer and playwright (d. 1921)
• 1849 – Jean Richepin, French poet (d. 1926)
• 1860 – Jackson Showalter, American chess player (d. 1935)
• 1862 – Hjalmar Hammarskjöld, Swedish politician (d. 1953)
• 1868 – Constance Georgine, Countess Markiewicz, Irish political activist (d. 1927)
• 1871 – Friedrich Ebert, President of Germany (d. 1925)
• 1872 – Goce Delčev, Macedonian revolutionary from Aegean Macedonia (d. 1903)
• 1873 – Mikhail Prishkin, Soviet–Russian writer (d. 1954)
• 1875 – Ludwig Prandtl, German physicist (d. 1953)
• 1881 – Yakov Protazanov, Soviet–Russian movie director (d. 1945)
• 1881 – Kliment Voroshilov, Soviet–Russian politician (d. 1969)
• 1881 – Fernand Léger, French artist (d. 1955)
• 1881 – Eulalio Gutiérrez, Interim President of Mexico (d. 1939)
• 1882 – Princess Louise of Orléans (d. 1958)
• 1883 – Jakob Sildnik, Estonian photographer and movie maker (d. 1973)
• 1891 – M. A. Ayyangar, Indian politician, Speaker of the Lok Sabha (d. 1978)
• 1892 – Andreu Nin, Catalan politician (d. 1937)
• 1893 – Raymond Dart, Australian scientist (d. 1988)
• 1895 – Nigel Bruce, English actor (d. 1953)
• 1896 – Friedrich Hund, German physicist (d. 1997)
• 1897 – Ludwig Erhard, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1977)
• 1897 – Emperor Iyasu V of Ethiopia (d. 1935)
• 1900 – Jacques Prévert, French poet (d. 1977)

1901 – 1925

• 1902 – Charles Lindbergh, American pilot (d. 1974)
• 1902 – Hartley Shawcross, British lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
• 1904 – Deng Yingchao, wife of Chinese leader Zhou Enlai (d. 1992)
• 1904 – MacKinlay Kantor, American writer (d. 1977)
• 1906 – Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German theologian (d. 1945)
• 1906 – Sabine Bonhoeffer, twin sister of Dietrich Bonhoeffer (d. 1999)
• 1906 – Clyde Tombaugh, American astronomer (d. 1997)
• 1906 – Colette Darfeuil, French actress (d. 1998)
• 1907 – Otto Ohlendorf, German SS group leader and war criminal (d. 1951)
• 1912 – Byron Nelson, American golfer (d. 2006)
• 1912 – Louis-Albert Vachon, Canadian archbishop (d. 2006)
• 1913 – Rosa Parks, American Civil Rights activist (d. 2005)
• 1915 – Norman Wisdom, British actor and comedian (d. 2010)
• 1917 – Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan, Last President of United Pakistan (d. 1980)
• 1918 – Ida Lupino, English actress and movie director (d. 1996)
• 1920 – Morton Deutsch, American social psychologist (d. 2017)
• 1920 – Janet Waldo, American actress (d. 2016)
• 1921 – Lotfi A. Zadeh, Soviet–born mathematician and computer scientist (d. 2017)
• 1921 – Betty Friedan, American feminist, activist and writer (d. 2006)
• 1922 – Bhimsen Joshi, Indian singer and musician (d. 2011)
• 1923 – Conrad Bain, Canadian–American actor (d. 2013)
• 1923 – Bonar Bain, Canadian actor (d. 2005)
• 1923 – Belisario Betancur, 53rd President of Colombia
• 1925 – Jutta Hipp, German–American jazz pianist, composer and painter (d. 2003)
• 1925 – Christopher Zeeman, British mathematician (d. 2016)

1926 – 1950

• 1926 – Gyula Grosics, Hungarian footballer (d. 2014)
• 1927 – Horst Ehmke, German politician (d. 2017)
• 1927 – John Martinkovic, American football player (d. 2018)
• 1928 – Kim Yong-nam, North Korean politician
• 1929 – Jerry Adler, American actor
• 1929 – Eduard Zimmermann, German journalist and television presenter (d. 2009)
• 1930 – Arthur E. Chase, American businessman and politician (d. 2015)
• 1930 – Jim Loscutoff, American basketball player (d. 2015)
• 1931 – Isabel Perón, former President of Argentina
• 1932 – Gerhard Hund, German chess player, son of Friedrich Hund
• 1935 – Martti Talvela, Finnish bass (d. 1989)
• 1936 – David Brenner, American comedian, actor and writer (d. 2014)
• 1936 – Gary Conway, American actor
• 1938 – Donald W. Riegle, Jr., United States Senator
• 1940 – George A. Romero, American movie director (d. 2017)
• 1941 – Jiri Raska, Czech ski jumper (d. 2012)
• 1941 – John Steel, British musician
• 1943 – Wanda Rutkiewicz, Polish mountaineer (d. 1989)
• 1943 – Ken Thompson, American computer scientist
• 1945 – Tony Haygarth, English actor (d. 2017)
• 1947 – Dennis C. Blair, American admiral, 3rd Director of Central Intelligence
• 1947 – Dan Quayle, 44th Vice President of the United States
• 1948 – Alice Cooper, American musician
• 1948 – Marisol, Spanish actress & singer
• 1948 – Ram Baran Yadav, 1st President of Nepal

1951 – 1975

• 1951 – Patrick Bergin, Irish actor
• 1952 – Jenny Shipley, 36th Prime Minister of New Zealand
• 1953 – Kitaro, Japanese composer
• 1954 – Andrei Karlov, Russian diplomat (d. 2016)
• 1955 – Mikulas Dzurinda, former Prime Minister of Slovakia
• 1960 – Mark Dawson, English–American talent manager and producer
• 1962 – Clint Black, American musician
• 1962 – John Gordon Sinclair, Scottish actor
• 1962 – Stephen Hammond, English politician
• 1963 – Pirmin Zurbriggen, Swiss skier
• 1964 – Noodles, American guitarist
• 1966 – Viatcheslav Ekimov, Russian cyclist
• 1967 – Sergei Grinkov, Russian figure skater (d. 1995)
• 1969 – Dallas Drake, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1970 – Gabrielle Anwar, English actress
• 1971 – Eric Garcetti, 42nd Mayor of Los Angeles, California
• 1971 – Rob Corddry, American actor, director and producer
• 1972 – Giovanni Silva de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer
• 1972 – Dara Ó Briain, Irish comedian
• 1973 – Oscar de la Hoya, Mexican–American boxer
• 1974 – Mijntje Denners, Dutch field hockey player
• 1974 – Lee Pearson, English para-equestrian
• 1975 – Natalie Imbruglia, Australian singer and actress
• 1975 – Vittorio Arrigoni, Italian activist (d. 2011)

From 1976

• 1976 – Cam'ron, American rapper and actor
• 1977 – Gavin DeGraw, American singer
• 1979 – Andrei Arlovski, Belarussian mixed martial artist and actor
• 1980 – Raimonds Vaikulis, Latvian basketball player
• 1981 – Jason Kapono, American basketball player
• 1982 – Ivars Timermanis, Latvian basketball player
• 1982 – Kimberly Wyatt, American singer (Pussycat Dolls)
• 1982 – Chris Sabin, American professional wrestler
• 1983 – Miguel Garcia, Portuguese footballer
• 1983 – Lee Stempniak, American ice hockey player
• 1984 – Mauricio Pinilla, Chilean footballer
• 1985 – Bug Hall, American actor
• 1986 – Asif Ali, Indian actor
• 1987 – Darren O'Dea, Irish footballer
• 1987 – Lucie Safarova, Czech tennis player
• 1988 – Jeff Horn, Australian professional boxer
• 1988 – Carly Patterson, American gymnast
• 1989 – Shogo Suzuki, Japanese actor and musician
• 1990 – Haruka Tomatsu, Japanese voice actress and singer
• 1991 – Mathew Leckie, Australian footballer

Deaths

Up to 1900

• 211 – Septimius Severus, Emperor of Rome (born 146)
• 708 – Pope Sisinnius
• 784 – Hrabanus Maurus, German poet
• 856 – Rabanus Maurus, Bishop of Mainz
• 869 – Saint Cyril, after whom the Cyrillic alphabet is named (born 827)
• 1161 – King Inge I of Norway (b. 1135)
• 1615 – Giovanni Battista della Porta, Italian polymath (born 1535)
• 1694 – Natalya Kyrillovna Naryshkina, Tsaritsa of Russia (born 1651)
• 1713 – Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury (born 1671)
• 1774 – Charles Marie de La Condamine, French mathematician and geographer (born 1701)
• 1781 – Josef Myslivecek, composer (born 1737)
• 1843 – Theodoros Kolokotronis, Greek general (born 1770)
• 1894 – Adolphe Sax, Belgian instrument maker, inventor of the saxophone (born 1814)

1901 – 2000

• 1905 – Louis-Ernest Barrias, French sculptor (born 1841)
• 1928 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate (born 1853)
• 1928 – Manche Masemola, South African girl and Christian martyr (born 1913)
• 1933 – Archibald Sayce, educator (born 1846)
• 1935 – J. Henry Birtles, English rugby player (born 1874)
• 1936 – Wilhelm Gustloff, German leader of the Swiss Nazi party (born 1895)
• 1941 – Louis Lincoln Emmerson, 27th Governor of Illinois (born 1863)
• 1943 – Frank Calder, first NHL President (born 1877)
• 1944 – Yvette Guilbert, French singer and actress (born 1867)
• 1953 – Antonio Conte, Italian fencer (born 1867)
• 1956 – Savielly Tartakower, Polish chess player (born 1887)
• 1958 – Henry Kuttner, science fiction writer (born 1915)
• 1967 – Albert Orsborn, 6th General of the Salvation Army (born 1886)
• 1968 – Neal Cassady, writer (born 1926)
• 1968 – Gilbert H. Grosvenor, President of the National Geographic Society (born 1875)
• 1969 – Thelma Ritter, actress (born 1905)
• 1974 – Satyendra Nath Bose, Indian physicist (born 1894)
• 1975 – Louis Jordan, musician (born 1908)
• 1983 – Karen Carpenter, U.S. singer, musician (Carpenters) (born 1950)
• 1984 – Anna Anderson, claimant to the throne of Russia (born 1896)
• 1987 – Liberace, American musician (born 1919)
• 1987 – Carl Rogers, psychologist (born 1902)
• 1992 – Lisa Fonssagrives, Swedish model (born 1911)
• 1995 – Godfrey Brown, athlete and teacher (born 1915)
• 1995 – Patricia Highsmith, American writer (born 1921)
• 1999 – Amadou Bailo Diallo, shot by New York City police (born 1975)
• 2000 – Doris Coley, singer, member of the Shirelles (born 1941)
• 2000 – Carl Albert, former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (born 1908)

From 2001

• 2001 – Iannis Xenakis, Greek–French composer (born 1922)
• 2001 – J. J. Johnson, jazz trombonist and jazz composer (born 1924)
• 2002 – Agatha Barbara, Maltese politician (born 1923)
• 2002 – George Nader, American actor (born 1921)
• 2005 – Ossie Davis, American actor (born 1917)
• 2006 – Betty Friedan, American feminist, activist and writer (born 1921)
• 2007 – Barbara McNair, American singer and actress (born 1934)
• 2008 – Stefan Meller, Polish politician (born 1942)
• 2009 – Lux Interior, American musician (born 1946)
• 2011 – Lena Nyman, Swedish actress (born 1944)
• 2011 – Martial Celestin, Haitian lawyer, diplomat and politician (born 1913)
• 2012 – Mike deGruy, American documentary movie maker (born 1951)
• 2012 – Andrew Wight, Australian screenwriter and producer (born 1960)
• 2012 – Florence Green, British supercentenarian and last–surviving World War I service veteran (born 1901)
• 2013 – Reg Presley, English singer-songwriter (born 1941)
• 2013 – Essie Mae Washington-Williams, American educator (born 1925)
• 2014 – Wu Ma, Chinese–Hong Kong actor and director (born 1942)
• 2014 – Keith Allen, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1923)
• 2015 – Sajida Mubarak Atrous al-Rishawi, Iraqi terrorist (born 1970)
• 2015 – Eduardo Laborde, Argentine rugby player (born 1967)
• 2015 – Fitzhugh L. Fulton, American NASA research pilot (born 1925)
• 2015 – Wes Cooley, American politician (born 1932)
• 2016 – Maurice White, American singer (born 1941)
• 2016 – Marlow Cook, American politician (born 1926)
• 2016 – Edgar Whitcomb, American politician, 43rd Governor of Indiana (born 1917)
• 2016 – Axl Rotten, American professional wrestler (born 1971)
• 2016 – Dave Mirra, American BMX rider (born 1974)
• 2016 – Edgar Mitchell, American astronaut (born 1930)
• 2017 – Basil Hetzel, Australian medical researcher (born 1922)
• 2017 – Bano Qudsia, Pakistani writer (born 1928)
• 2017 – Georgi Taratorkin, Russian actor (born 1945)
• 2017 – Hans van der Hoek, Dutch footballer (born 1933)
• 2017 – John Howes, American professor of Asian Studies (born 1924)
• 2017 – Steve Lang, Canadian rock musician (born 1949)
• 2017 – Marc Spitz, American writer (born 1969)
• 2018 – Alan Baker, English mathematician (born 1939)
• 2018 – Martin Grüner, German politician (born 1929)
• 2018 – Edwin Jackson, American football player (born 1991)
• 2018 – John Mahoney, British–American actor (born 1940)
• 2018 – Séamus Pattison, Irish politician (born 1936)
• 2018 – Wojciech Pokora, Polish actor (born 1934)

Observances

• Independence Day (Sri Lanka)
• Rosa Parks Day (United States)
• Day of the Armed Struggle (Angola)
• World Cancer Day