Belbus

Belbus; Temporal range: Late Miocene (Turolian)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Suborder:	Feliformia
Family:	Hyaenidae
Genus:	†Belbus; Werdelin & Solounias, 1991
Type species
	†Belbus beaumonti; Qiu, 1987
Other species
	†B. djurabensis Bonis et al., 2010
Synonyms
	Species synonymy B. beaumonti: Hyaena sp.; De Beaumont, 1968 ; Hyaena dubia; (Zdansky, 1924) De Beaumont, 1969a ; Hyaenictitherium cf. hyaenoides; (Zdansky, 1924) Howell & Petter, 1980 ; Thalassictis hyaenoides; (Zdansky, 1924) Solounias, 1981 ; Lycyaena chaeretis; (Gaudry, 1861) Solounias, 1981 ; Thalassictis (Hyaenictitherium) hyaenoides; (Zdansky, 1924) Solounias & De Beaumont, 1981 ; Pachycrocuta sp.; Solounias & De Beaumont, 1981 ; Hyaenictis beaumonti; Qiu, 1987 ; cf. Palinhyaena sp.; Werdelin, 1988b ; ;

Belbus (from Late Latin: belbus, 'hyena') is an extinct genus of hyaenids that lived in Europe and Africa during the Turolian of the Late Miocene.^[1]^[2]^[3] Belbus had durophagous adaptations in its dentition, but was less well-adapted to durophagy than modern durophagous hyaenids such as the spotted hyena or the brown hyena.^[3]

Species

Belbus beaumonti

The type species, B. beaumonti, has been found in Samos and Pikermi, both in Greece, and in Çobanpinar, Turkey.^[4] Juvenile specimens of B. beaumonti are similar in size to modern adult striped hyenas, and adults may have been larger.^[1] The weight of B. beaumonti has been roughly estimated at around 40 kilograms (88 pounds).^[4]

Belbus djurabensis

B. djurabensis was discovered in Toros-Menalla in the Djurab desert of Chad. It is smaller than B. beaumonti. B. djurabensis has a smaller talonid on its m1 molar and a smaller M1 relative to the size of its P4 premolar than the type species. The premolars of B. djurabensis, especially the p3, are larger than those of B. beaumonti. The specific name of B. djurabensis is derived from the name of the Djurab desert.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b Werdelin, Lars; Solounias, Nikos (1991). The Hyaenidae: taxonomy, systematics, and evolution. Fossils and Strata. Vol. 30. pp. 1–104. doi:10.18261/8200374815-1991-01. ISBN 82-00-37481-5. ISSN 0300-9491.
^ ^a ^b de Bonis, Louis; Peigné, Stéphane; Guy, Franck; Mackaye, Hassane Taisso; Likius, Andossa; Vignaud, Patrick; Brunet, Michel (2010). "Hyaenidae (Carnivora) from the late Miocene of Toros-Menalla, Chad". Journal of African Earth Sciences. 58 (3): 561–579. doi:10.1016/J.JAFREARSCI.2010.06.003.
^ ^a ^b Coca-Ortega, Carlos; Pérez-Claros, Juan Antonio (2019). "Characterizing ecomorphological patterns in hyenids: a multivariate approach using postcanine dentition". PeerJ. 6 (e6238). doi:10.7717/peerj.6238. PMC 6330948. PMID 30648005.
^ ^a ^b Kargopoulos, Nikolaos. (2022). "The carnivorans (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the hominid locality of Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany)". doi:10.15496/publikation-72276

[:1-1] Werdelin, Lars; Solounias, Nikos (1991). The Hyaenidae: taxonomy, systematics, and evolution. Fossils and Strata. Vol. 30. pp. 1–104. doi:10.18261/8200374815-1991-01. ISBN 82-00-37481-5. ISSN 0300-9491.

[:2-2] Bonis, Louis; Peigné, Stéphane; Guy, Franck; Mackaye, Hassane Taisso; Likius, Andossa; Vignaud, Patrick; Brunet, Michel (2010). "Hyaenidae (Carnivora) from the late Miocene of Toros-Menalla, Chad". Journal of African Earth Sciences. 58 (3): 561–579. doi:10.1016/J.JAFREARSCI.2010.06.003.

[:0-3] Coca-Ortega, Carlos; Pérez-Claros, Juan Antonio (2019). "Characterizing ecomorphological patterns in hyenids: a multivariate approach using postcanine dentition". PeerJ. 6 (e6238). doi:10.7717/peerj.6238. PMC 6330948. PMID 30648005.

[:3-4] Kargopoulos, Nikolaos. (2022). "The carnivorans (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the hominid locality of Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany)". doi:10.15496/publikation-72276

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