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Douglas J. Paul
OBE FRSE FInstP
Douglas Paul at the University of Glasgow
Born1969
Greenock Scotland UK
NationalityBritish
Alma materUniversity of Cambridge, Cavendish Laboratory, Churchill College (BA, MA, PhD)
Known forquantum engineering, silicon-germanium, quantum sensor, single-photon avalanche diode, photonic integrated circuits, gravimeters
AwardsPresident's Medal of the IOP (2014),.[1] Officer of the Order of the British Empire (2025)[2]
Scientific career
FieldsPhysicist Engineering Quantum Engineering
InstitutionsUniversity of Cambridge, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Glasgow
Thesis "Single electronics using δ-doped silicon germanium". University of Cambridge.  (1993)
Doctoral advisorHaroon Ahmed
Websiteuserweb.eng.gla.ac.uk/douglas.paul/index.html

Douglas J. Paul OBE FRSE FInstP is a Scottish experimental physicist and electronic engineer who was awarded an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2025 New Year's Honours List for services to quantum technology research.[2] He is currently Professor of Semiconductor devices[3] at the University of Glasgow holding a Royal Academy of Engineering Chair in Emerging technologies.[4] His career has used microfabrication and nanofabrication to demonstrate semiconductor devices for a range of different applications.

Education

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Paul was born and brought up in Greenock attending Ardgowan Primary and Greenock Academy Schools.[5] He studied natural sciences at Churchill College, University of Cambridge before gaining a PhD in physics at the Cavendish Laboratory for work which produced the first single-electron transistor in silicon-germanium.[6] As an undergraduate at the University of Cambridge, he was sponsored by the DTI through the National Engineering Laboratory.[5]

Research and career

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Paul first worked in the Semiconductor Physics Group led by Michael Pepper at the Cavendish Laboratory on mesoscopic silicon-germanium nanostructure physics[7] At the same time he was awarded a research fellowship at St Edmund's College, Cambridge[8] and became the Wine Steward[9] for the College. His first funded research grant as principal investigator was an EC Framework IV project "Silicon Quantum Integrated Circuits (SiQUIC)" in 1997[10] on heterostructure and strained silicon MOSFETs[11] and silicon-germanium resonant-tunneling diodes[12] before he was awarded an EPSRC Advanced Research Fellowship in 1998.[13] In 1998 he became a Class A Fellow at St Edmund's College, Cambridge.[14]

Paul started work on SiGe terahertz radiation sources first with DARPA funding in 2000 which delivered the first SiGe terahertz LEDs[15] before additional support from EC and EPSRC grants.[13] At the same time he published work on 2D metal-insulator transitions in MOSFETs,[16] received funding on quantum information processing using defects in MOSFETs with Michael Pepper and Crispin Barnes and worked with Alan Fowler at IBM to help de-risk the introduction of high-κ dielectric into the IBM Microelectronics CMOS process.[17]

In 2007, Paul moved to the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Glasgow where he set up the "Semiconductor Devices Group".. He became the first Director of the "James Watt Nanofabrication Centre". in 2010. His research from 2009 included energy harvesting, thermoelectrics and thermal photovoltaics and he led an EC Strategic Research Agenda on Sustainable ICT in 2016.[18]

In 2013 he started work on photonic integrated circuits for miniaturising atomic systems and his group microfabricated the first Ge on Si single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) photodetector for operation in the short wave infrared[19] before demonstrating the first Ge on Si planar single photon avalanche diode.[20] He also worked with Leroy Cronin and used silicon nanowires[21] with polyoxometalate molecules to demonstrate molecular flash memory.[22]

Paul working with Giles Hammond demonstrated the first MEMS gravimeter.[23] The EC project Newton-g[24] has four of the Glasgow MEMS gravimeters on Mount Etna in Italy trying to image magma movements inside the volcano to see if they can be used to predict when the volcano might erupt.

From 2014 Paul was on the management boards of the UK Quantum Technology Hub for Quantum Enhanced Imaging (QuantiC)[25] and the UK Quantum Technology Hub for Sensors and Metrology[26] as part of the UK National Quantum Technologies Programme. He continued in these Hubs in Phase 2 and also joined the EPSRC Quantum Communications Hub.[27] Since 2023 he has been leading an EPSRC Programme Grant aiming to produce a chip-scale quantum navigator.[28]

Paul frequently gives outreach lectures to the public on a number of topics including electronics,nanotechnology, sustainable energy and quantum engineering. He was the plenary speaker at the Glasgow Science Festival in 2019 giving the Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow lecture on nanotechnology and quantum engineering.[29]

In July 2024 it was announced that Paul is the principal investigator of the U.K. Hub for Quantum Enabled Position Navigation and Timing[30] which started on 1 December 2024 as part of the phase III Hubs in the UK National Quantum Technologies Programme. He was awarded an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2025 New Year's Honours List for services to quantum technology research[2]

Honours and Awards

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Books and Edited books

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E. Kasper and D.J. Paul, "Silicon Quantum Integrated Circuits: Silicon-Germanium Heterostructure Devices: Basics and Realisations" Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg (2005), Web: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/b137494

M. Perenzoni and D.J. Paul (Editors), "Physics and Applications of Terahertz Radiation" Springer Series in Optical Sciences 173 (2014) - Web: http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-94-007-3837-9, ISBN 978-94-007-3836-2

G. Abadal Berini, G. Fagas, L. Gammaitoni and D.J. Paul (Editors), "A research agenda towards zero-power ICT" Intech Open Access from "ICT - Energy - Concepts Towards Zero - Power Information and Communication Technology" (2014) - https://doi.org/10.5772/57092

G. Fagas, J.P. Gallagher, L. Gammaitoni, D.J. Paul (Editors), "Energy Challenges for ICT" ICT-Energy Concepts for Energy Efficiency and Sustainability, INTECH (2017) - https://doi.org/10.5772/66678

References

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  1. ^ "President's medal recipients". Institute of Physics. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d "New Year Honours List 2025" (PDF). UK Government. Retrieved 1 March 2025.
  3. ^ "Homepage of Douglas J. Paul". University of Glasgow. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  4. ^ "Professor Douglas John Paul, Single-Chip Cold-Atom Systems: A Quantum Navigator in your Mobile Phone, Chair in Emerging Technologies 2021". Royal Academy of Engineering. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  5. ^ a b Paul, Professor Douglas John (1 December 2016). Who's Who (UK) (168th ed.). London, U.K.: A&C Black. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U258447.
  6. ^ Paul, D.J.; Cleaver, J.R.A.; Ahmed, H.; Whall, T.E. (1993). "Coulomb blockade in silicon based structures at temperatures up to 50 K" (PDF). Applied Physics Letters. 63 (5): 631–632. Bibcode:1993ApPhL63..L631.P. doi:10.1063/1.109972. ISSN 0003-6951.
  7. ^ ."Semiconductor Physics Group Former Members". Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  8. ^ a b c "Professor Douglas John Paul". Who's Who (UK). 1 December 2013. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U258447. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  9. ^ "St Edmund's College Record 2003 - 2005". St Edmund's College, Cambridge. 2005. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  10. ^ "Funded Research Projects, Douglas J. Paul". University of Glasgow. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  11. ^ Olsen, S.H.; O'Neill, A.G.; Driscoll, L.S.; Kwa, K.S.K; Chattopadhyay, S.; Waite, A.M.; Tang, Y.T.; Evans, A.G.R; Norris, D.J.; Cullis, A.G.; Robbins, D.J. (September 2003). "High-performance nMOSFETs using a novel strained Si/SiGe CMOS architecture". IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. 50 (9): 1961–1969. Bibcode:2003ITED.50...1961O. doi:10.1109/TED.2003.815603. ISSN 1557-9646.
  12. ^ See, P.; Paul, D.J. (2001). "The scaled performance of Si/Si/1-x/Gex resonant tunneling diodes". IEEE Electron Device Letters. 22 (12): 582–584. Bibcode:2001IEDL.22...582.S. doi:10.1109/55.974584. ISSN 0741-3106.
  13. ^ a b c "Douglas J. Paul". ORCID. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  14. ^ a b "Cambridge Reporter, St Edmund's College". University of Cambridge. 30 April 1998. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  15. ^ Lynch, S.A.; Bates, R.; Paul, D.J.; Norris, D.J.; Ikonic, Z.; Kelsall, R.W.; Harrison, P.; Arnone, D.D.; Pidgeon, C.R. (2002). "Intersubband electroluminescence from Si/SiGe cascade emitters at terahertz frequencies" (PDF). Applied Physics Letters. 81 (9): 1543–1545. Bibcode:2002ApPhL81..L1543L. doi:10.1109/55.974584. ISSN 0003-6951.
  16. ^ Lewalle, A.; Pepper, M.; Ford, C.J.B; Paul, D.J.; Redmond, G. (2004). "Masking by weak localization of metallic behavior in a two-dimensional electron system in strong parallel magnetic fields". Physical Review B. 69 (7): 075316. Bibcode:2004PhRvB..69g5316L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.69.075316.
  17. ^ Dragosavac, M.; Paul, D.J.; Pepper, M.; Fowler, A.B.; Buchanan, D.A. (2005). "Electron effective mass in ultrathin oxide silicon MOSFET inversion layers". Semiconductor Science and Technology. 20 (8): 664–667. Bibcode:2005SeScT..20..664D. doi:10.1088/0268-1242/20/8/002.
  18. ^ Paul, Douglas J.; Gammaitoni, Luca; Gallagher, John P.; Fagas, Georgios (2016). ICT Energy Strategic Research Agenda on Sustainable ICT. European Commission FET. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.14761.98406. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  19. ^ Warburton, R.E.; Intermite, G.; Myronov, M.; Allred, P.; Leadley, D.R.; Gallacher, K.; Paul, D.J.; Pilgrim, N.J.; Lever, L.J.M.; Ikonic, Z.; Kelsall, R.W.; Huante-Cerón, E.; Knights, A.P.; Buller, G.S. (2013). "Ge-on-Si Single-Photon Avalanche Diode Detectors: Design, Modeling, Fabrication, and Characterization at Wavelengths 1310 and 1550 nm". IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. 60 (11): 3807–3813. Bibcode:2013ITED...60.3807W. doi:10.1109/TED.2013.2282712.
  20. ^ Vines, P.; Kuzmenko, K.; Kirdoda, J.; Dumas, D.C.S.; Mirza, M.M.; Millar, R.W.; Paul, D.J.; Buller, G.S. (2019). "High performance planar germanium-on-silicon single-photon avalanche diode detectors". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 1086. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.1086V. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08830-w. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6403241. PMID 30842439.
  21. ^ Mirza, M.M.; MacLaren, D.A.; Samarelli, A.; Holmes, B.M.; Zhou, H.; Thoms, S.; MacIntyre, D.; Paul, D.J. (2014). "Determining the electronic performance limitations in top-down fabricated Si nanowires with mean widths down to 4 nm". Nano Letters. 14 (11): 6056–6060. Bibcode:2014NanoL..14.6056M. doi:10.1021/nl5015298. PMID 25299791.
  22. ^ Busche, C.; Vila-Nadal, L.; Yan, J.; Miras, H.N.; Long, De-L.; Georgiev, V.P.; Asenov, A.; Pedersen, R.H.; Gadegaard, N.; Mirza, M.M.; Paul, D.J.; Poblet, J.M.; Cronin, L. (2014). "Design and fabrication of memory devices based on nanoscale polyoxometalate clusters". Nature. 515 (7528): 545–549. Bibcode:2014Natur.515..545B. doi:10.1038/nature13951. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25409147.
  23. ^ Middlemiss, R.P.; Samarelli, A.; Paul, D.J.; Hough, J.; Rowan, S.; Hammond, G.D. (2016). "Measurement of the Earth tides with a MEMS gravimeter". Nature. 531 (7596): 614–629. Bibcode:2016Natur.531..614M. doi:10.1038/nature17397. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 27029276.
  24. ^ "New tools for terrain gravimetry (Newton-g)". European Commission FET Open Research and Innovation Action. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  25. ^ "UK Quantum Technology Hub in Quantum Enhanced Imaging". EPSRC. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  26. ^ "UK Quantum Technology Hub for Sensors and Metrology". EPSRC. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  27. ^ "The EPSRC Quantum Communications Hub". EPSRC. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  28. ^ "Chip-scale Atomic Systems for a Quantum Navigator". EPSRC. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  29. ^ "Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow: Nanotechnology Lecture Kelvin Hall". Facebook. 12 June 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  30. ^ "A U.K. Hub for Quantum Enabled Position, Navigation and Timing (QEPNT)". Gateway to Research, UKRI. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  31. ^ "Professor Doug Paul". Royal Society of Edinburgh. 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  32. ^ "President's medal recipients". Institute of Physics. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  33. ^ "Engineering Quantum Technology Systems on a Silicon Platform". Gateway to Research, UKRI. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  34. ^ "Professor Douglas John Paul, Single-Chip Cold-Atom Systems: A Quantum Navigator in your Mobile Phone, Chair in Emerging Technologies 2021". Royal Academy of Engineering. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
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