Jump to content

Draft:Oligo Fucoidan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  • Comment: indicates user was blocked(article not that bad, but needs references anyway) Ozzie10aaaa (talk) 14:53, 18 June 2025 (UTC)
  • Comment: In accordance with the Wikimedia Foundation's Terms of Use, I disclose that I have been paid by my employer for my contributions to this article. 60.250.137.19 (talk) 04:48, 17 June 2025 (UTC)

Oligo Fucoidan is a low-molecular-weight form of fucoidan, a fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharide commonly found in brown seaweeds such as Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, and Fucus vesiculosus. Through enzymatic or acid hydrolysis, high-molecular-weight fucoidan is depolymerized into smaller fragments, typically under 10 kilodaltons (kDa). These oligosaccharides retain the biological activities of native fucoidan but demonstrate superior bioavailability, cellular absorption, and formulation versatility.

Molecular characteristics

[edit]

Oligo Fucoidan consists primarily of:[citation needed]

  • L-fucose residues, contributing to recognition in cell signaling.
  • Sulfate groups, which enable electrostatic interactions with cellular receptors such as integrins and selectins.
  • Molecular weight usually <10 kDa; some optimized forms are <1.5 kDa.

Molecular characteristics

[edit]

Oligo Fucoidan consists primarily of:[citation needed]

Property Oligo Fucoidan High-Molecular-Weight Fucoidan
Molecular Weight <10 kDa (typically 0.5–3 kDa) >100 kDa
Absorption High (intestinal and systemic) Poor (mostly local)
Bioavailability Excellent Low
Cellular Penetration Yes Limited
Clinical Evidence Robust (human trials) Limited
Immune Modulation Strong (enhanced macrophage and NK activity) Moderate

Studies have shown that Oligo Fucoidan is more efficiently absorbed into systemic circulation than high-molecular-weight fucoidan. For example, a research in 2016 demonstrated that low-molecular-weight fucoidan was detected in the blood and urine of rats, whereas the medium-molecular-weight version was not absorbed effectively.[1]

Scientific research

[edit]

Oligo Fucoidan has been studied across a broad range of therapeutic areas, including oncology, dermatology, immunology, metabolic health, liver and kidney function, and cardiovascular support. Its biological activity is attributed to its optimized molecular size, high fucose content, and sulfation pattern, enabling effective cellular interactions and systemic absorption.[citation needed]

1. Oncology & Immunomodulation

[edit]

Oligo Fucoidan displays a range of anti-cancer and immune-regulating effects, validated through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies:

  • Induction of apoptosis: Oligo Fucoidan triggers programmed cell death in cancer cells by activating the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways, particularly caspase-3 and caspase-9, as shown in studies on liver, lung and breast cancer cells.[2][3]
  • Inhibition of metastasis: It suppresses cancer metastasis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in breast cancer models.[4]
  • Anti‑angiogenesis: Oligo Fucoidan reduces tumor neovascularization by inhibiting VEGF expression and endothelial cell migration, thereby limiting tumor growth and nutrient supply.[5]
  • Macrophage polarization: Oligo Fucoidan reprograms tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from the M2 (immunosuppressive, tumor-promoting) phenotype to the M1 (pro-inflammatory, anti-tumor) phenotype, enhancing anti-tumor immunity and reducing immunosuppressive signaling in the tumor microenvironment[6]

Clinical studies (cancer aptients)

[edit]

Oligo Fucoidan has been shown to:

  • Colorectal Cancer: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer showed that daily supplementation of 4g Oligo Fucoidan improved the disease control rate from 69.2% (placebo) to 92.8% (p = 0.026).[7]
  • Lung Cancer: In a clinical study involving non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, combining cisplatin with Oligo Fucoidan improved patient survival, quality of life, and immune biomarkers.[8]
  • Liver Cancer (HCC): A Phase II clinical trial (NCT04066660) evaluated the effects of <1 kDa Oligo Fucoidan in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, with results expected to be published.[9]

These validated mechanisms support Oligo Fucoidan's promise as an adjunctive cancer therapy, with effects including direct tumor inhibition, metastasis suppression, and enhancement of anti-tumor immunity.

NCI Drug Dictionary Inclusion

[edit]

In 2022, Oligo Fucoidan was listed in the U.S. National Cancer Institute Drug Dictionary, acknowledging its anti-tumor activity through apoptosis induction and immune enhancement.[10]

2. Metabolic Syndrome & Diabetes

[edit]

Several animal and pilot human studies support its role in metabolic health:

  • Improved insulin sensitivity & glucose metabolism: In db/db diabetic mice, low-molecular-weight fucoidan reduced fasting glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, and oxidative stress via activation of the SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway.[11]
  • Synergy with fucoxanthin improves liver and metabolic function: In diabetic db/db mice, combined low-MW fucoidan and fucoxanthin supplementation further enhanced hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering effects, and antioxidant enzyme activities compared to fucoidan alone.[12]

3. Liver & Kidney Function

[edit]

Studies indicate hepatoprotective and renoprotective properties::

  • Hepatoprotective effects (Liver): LMW fucoidan attenuated NAFLD in db/db mice and human by reducing ALT, AST, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers, mediated through SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway activation.[13][11]
  • Renoprotective effects (Kidneys): In diabetic mice (high-fat + STZ/NA), oligo-fucoidan significantly reduced kidney fibrosis, decreased BUN and creatinine, and improved renal histology—linked to SIRT-1, Nrf2/HO-1, and GLP-1R pathways.[14]

4. Dermatology & Skin Protection

[edit]

Low molecular weight fucoidan is increasingly used in cosmeceuticals and dermatological formulations, with peer-reviewed studies confirming:

  • Anti-photoaging effects: In UV-irradiated skin models, Oligo Fucoidan inhibited matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1 and MMP-9) expression, preserved collagen structure, and prevented wrinkle formation.[15]
  • Collagen regeneration: Clinical trials on human skin (Asian, Caucasian, Hispanic) revealed significant improvements in dermal density and elasticity after topical application of creams containing 1–3% Oligo Fucoidan.[16]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Zhao, Xue; Guo, Fengjun; Hu, Jing; Zhang, Lijuan; Xue, Changhu; Zhang, Zhaohui; Li, Bafang (2016-08-01). "Antithrombotic activity of oral administered low molecular weight fucoidan from Laminaria Japonica". Thrombosis Research. 144: 46–52. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2016.03.008. ISSN 0049-3848. PMID 27289072.
  2. ^ Yan, Ming-De; Lin, Hsin-Yuan; Hwang, Pai-An (2019-02-01). "The anti-tumor activity of brown seaweed oligo-fucoidan via lncRNA expression modulation in HepG2 cells". Cytotechnology. 71 (1): 363–374. doi:10.1007/s10616-019-00293-7. ISSN 1573-0778. PMC 6368498. PMID 30632031.
  3. ^ Yamasaki-Miyamoto, Yumi; Yamasaki, Masao; Tachibana, Hirofumi; Yamada, Koji (2009-09-23). "Fucoidan Induces Apoptosis through Activation of Caspase-8 on Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 57 (18): 8677–8682. Bibcode:2009JAFC...57.8677Y. doi:10.1021/jf9010406. ISSN 0021-8561. PMID 19754176.
  4. ^ Hsu, H.-Y.; Lin, T.-Y.; Hwang, P.-A.; Tseng, L.-M.; Chen, R.-H.; Tsao, S.-M.; Hsu, J. (2013-04-01). "Fucoidan induces changes in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and decreases metastasis by enhancing ubiquitin-dependent TGF receptor degradation in breast cancer". Carcinogenesis. 34 (4): 874–884. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgs396. ISSN 0143-3334.
  5. ^ Chen, Meng-Chuan; Hsu, Wen-Lin; Hwang, Pai-An; Chou, Tz-Chong (2015-07-17). "Low Molecular Weight Fucoidan Inhibits Tumor Angiogenesis through Downregulation of HIF-1/VEGF Signaling under Hypoxia". Marine Drugs. 13 (7): 4436–4451. doi:10.3390/md13074436. ISSN 1660-3397. PMC 4515626. PMID 26193287.
  6. ^ Chen, Li-Mei; Tseng, Hong-Yu; Chen, Yen-An; Al Haq, Aushia Tanzih; Hwang, Pai-An; Hsu, Hsin-Ling (2020-02-12). "Oligo-Fucoidan Prevents M2 Macrophage Differentiation and HCT116 Tumor Progression". Cancers. 12 (2): 421. doi:10.3390/cancers12020421. ISSN 2072-6694. PMC 7072369. PMID 32059469.
  7. ^ Tsai, Hsiang-Lin; Tai, Chi-Jung; Huang, Ching-Wen; Chang, Fang-Rong; Wang, Jaw-Yuan (2017-04-21). "Efficacy of Low-Molecular-Weight Fucoidan as a Supplemental Therapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial". Marine Drugs. 15 (4): 122. doi:10.3390/md15040122. ISSN 1660-3397. PMC 5408268. PMID 28430159.
  8. ^ Liu, Tu-Chen; Shih, Chia-Ju; Chiou, Ya-Ling (2024-07-03). "Oral administration of oligo fucoidan improves the survival rate, quality of life, and immunity in patients with lung cancer". Food & Nutrition Research. 68. doi:10.29219/fnr.v68.10674. ISSN 1654-661X. PMC 11227263. PMID 38974912.
  9. ^ "Study of Oligo-Fucoidan in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) | Clinical Research Trial Listing". www.centerwatch.com. Retrieved 2025-06-17.
  10. ^ "https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-drug/def/oligo-fucoidan". www.cancer.gov. 2011-02-02. Retrieved 2025-06-17. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
  11. ^ a b Shih, Ping-Hsiao; Shiue, Sheng-Jie; Chen, Chun-Nan; Cheng, Sheng-Wei; Lin, Hsin-Yi; Wu, Li-Wei; Wu, Ming-Shun (2021-03-12). "Fucoidan and Fucoxanthin Attenuate Hepatic Steatosis and Inflammation of NAFLD through Modulation of Leptin/Adiponectin Axis". Marine Drugs. 19 (3): 148. doi:10.3390/md19030148. ISSN 1660-3397. PMC 8001566. PMID 33809062.
  12. ^ Lin, Hong-Ting; Tsou, Yu-Chi; Chen, Yu-Ting; Lu, Wen-Jung; Hwang, Pai-An (2017-04-07). "Effects of Low-Molecular-Weight Fucoidan and High Stability Fucoxanthin on Glucose Homeostasis, Lipid Metabolism, and Liver Function in a Mouse Model of Type II Diabetes". Marine Drugs. 15 (4): 113. doi:10.3390/md15040113. ISSN 1660-3397. PMC 5408259. PMID 28387741.
  13. ^ Zheng, Yuanyuan; Liu, Tiantian; Wang, Zhiqiang; Xu, Yang; Zhang, Quanbin; Luo, Dali (June 2018). "Low molecular weight fucoidan attenuates liver injury via SIRT1/AMPK/PGC1α axis in db/db mice". International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 112: 929–936. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.072. PMID 29447962.
  14. ^ Yu, Wen-Chun; Huang, Ren-Yeong; Chou, Tz-Chong (2020-10-08). "Oligo-Fucoidan Improves Diabetes-Induced Renal Fibrosis via Activation of Sirt-1, GLP-1R, and Nrf2/HO-1: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study". Nutrients. 12 (10): 3068. doi:10.3390/nu12103068. ISSN 2072-6643. PMC 7650749. PMID 33049944.
  15. ^ Hwang, Pai-An; Yan, Ming-De; Kuo, Ko-Liang; Phan, Nam Nhut; Lin, Yen-Chang (2017-02-01). "A mechanism of low molecular weight fucoidans degraded by enzymatic and acidic hydrolysis for the prevention of UVB damage". Journal of Applied Phycology. 29 (1): 521–529. Bibcode:2017JAPco..29..521H. doi:10.1007/s10811-016-0929-x. ISSN 1573-5176.
  16. ^ "FucoSkin® Fucoidan Extract, Brown Algae Extract, Laminaria Japonica Extract Manufacturer | Hi-Q Marine Biotech International Ltd". www.fucoidanhiq.com. Retrieved 2025-06-17.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Oligo_Fucoidan&oldid=1296455728"