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Draft:SYNBONE

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SYNBONE AG
IndustryMedical simulation, orthopaedics
Founded1988
HeadquartersZizers, Switzerland
ProductsAnatomical bone models, surgical training systems
Websitewww.synbone.com

SYNBONE AG is a Swiss company specializing in the manufacture of anatomical bone models used for medical education, surgical simulation, and biomechanical testing.[1] Founded in 1988, the company is headquartered in Zizers [2], Switzerland, [3] with a production facility in Johor Bahru, Malaysia, supporting its global distribution network across more than 80 countries.[4] SYNBONE serves medical institutions, universities, and orthopedic implant manufacturers with a focus on precision and innovation in medical training solutions.[5]

History and operations

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SYNBONE produces over 300,000 synthetic bone models annually,[6] which are used by medical professionals, academic institutions, and orthopedic device companies worldwide. Its product portfolio includes over 1,000 anatomical models, covering bones of the head, spine, torso, upper and lower limbs, and specialized joints such as the shoulder and knee.[7] The company employs advanced 3D printing and digital scanning technologies to create customized models from CT scan data, enhancing educational outcomes in surgical training.[8] SYNBONE’s models are designed to mimic the mechanical properties of human bone, requiring similar forces for cutting, drilling, and screwing, making them ideal for hands-on orthopedic workshops.[9]

Applications

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SYNBONE’s models are utilized in various medical and research applications:

  • Surgical training and simulation: The models replicate human bone anatomy and mechanical properties, enabling realistic practice of orthopedic procedures such as fracture fixation and joint replacement.[10]
  • Biomechanical testing: Generic foam blocks and rods are used for standardized testing of orthopedic devices and surgical techniques.[11]
  • Patient-specific planning: Custom 3D-printed models assist in preoperative planning for complex surgeries, replicating pathologies or anatomical deformities.[12]
  • Implant demonstration: Miniaturized and transparent models are used to explain surgical interventions and implant applications to patients and trainees.[13]

Innovation and sustainability

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SYNBONE emphasizes product innovation, sustainable materials, and energy-efficient production practices.[14] The company employs in-house rapid prototyping and customization techniques, including 3D printing, CNC machining, and composite fabrication. SYNBONE has also invested in eco-friendly materials, such as polylactide (PLA) for certain models, to reduce its environmental footprint.

Research and collaborations

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SYNBONE’s models are widely cited in medical research and training studies for their biomechanical accuracy and realism:

  • A 2024 study utilized SYNBONE models to evaluate surgical accuracy in tumor resection using 3D-printed patient-specific instruments.[12]
  • SYNBONE femur models were used in a 2022 biomechanical study comparing dual plating and single lateral locked plating for distal femur fractures.[15]
  • Skull models supported the development of maxillofacial surgical techniques and training protocols.[16]
  • SYNBONE models were used to train orthopedic residents in distal radius fracture fixation techniques.[17]
  • Tibia models were employed in research evaluating screw pullout forces in orthopedic trauma.[18]
  • A German study used SYNBONE pelvis models to assess biomechanics in acetabular fracture fixation techniques.[19]
  • A 2023 study used SYNBONE models to develop training protocols for minimally invasive spine surgery techniques.[20]
  • SYNBONE models were used in a 2018 study to compare 3D-printed models with radiographic images for teaching bone spatial anatomy and fractures to medical students.[21]
  • A 2020 review highlighted SYNBONE’s synthetic bones as alternatives to cadaveric bones for biomechanical studies due to their consistency and ethical advantages.[22]
  • SYNBONE’s composite bone models were noted for their high fidelity in hand and upper extremity biomechanical studies.[23]

References

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  1. ^ "Synbone AG – Schiers". Swiss Yellow Pages (local.ch). Retrieved 3 June 2025.
  2. ^ "UID Detail – CHE-106.247.580". Swiss Federal Statistical Office (UID Register). Retrieved 3 June 2025.
  3. ^ "Synbone AG". Moneyhouse.ch. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
  4. ^ "About Us". SYNBONE AG. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  5. ^ "SYNBONE Synthetic Bone For Surgical Education". SYNBONE AG. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  6. ^ "SYNBONE: A Bone for Life". AO Education. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  7. ^ "Our Promise". SYNBONE AG. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  8. ^ "Digital Data". SYNBONE AG. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  9. ^ "Bone Models". SYNBONE AG. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  10. ^ "Orthopaedic Models". SYNBONE AG. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  11. ^ "Biomechanics and Generics". SYNBONE AG. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  12. ^ a b Wang, C.; Huang, S.; Yu, Y.; Liang, H.; Wang, R.; Tang, X.; Ji, T. (2024). "3D printed patient-specific instruments in tumor surgery". 3D Printing in Medicine. 10 (1): 15. doi:10.1186/s41205-024-00216-z. PMC 11041006. PMID 38656431.
  13. ^ "Display Models". SYNBONE AG. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  14. ^ "Our Values". SYNBONE AG. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  15. ^ "Biomechanical comparison of dual plating and locked plating". Procedia Computer Science. 200: 8–15. 2022. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2022.01.008. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  16. ^ Sims, J.; Coley, R. L. (2022). "Evaluation of maxillofacial surgery using synthetic models". Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 50 (2): 151–157. doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2021.11.013. PMID 35125264. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  17. ^ Konda, S. R.; Solasz, S. J.; Pean, C. A.; Lowe, D. T.; Ganta, A. (2022). "Synthetic Bone Models for Orthopedic Resident Training". Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma. 36 (10): e391 – e396. doi:10.1097/BOT.0000000000002399. PMID 35838570. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  18. ^ Dos Anjos, D. S.; Rossi, Y. A.; Sierra, O. R.; Bueno, C. M.; De Nardi, A. B.; Fonseca-Alves, C. E. (2020). "Evaluation of screw pullout forces using synthetic tibia". Data in Brief. 32. doi:10.1016/j.dib.2020.106085. PMC 7417888. PMID 32802920.
  19. ^ "Pelvic fracture biomechanics using SYNBONE models". Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie. 2023. doi:10.1055/a-2018-3671 (inactive 30 May 2025). Retrieved 2025-05-30.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of May 2025 (link)
  20. ^ Frithioff, A.; Weiss, K.; Frendø, M.; Senn, P.; Mikkelsen, P. T.; Sieber, D.; Sørensen, M. S.; Pedersen, D. B.; Andersen SAW (2023). "3D-printing a cost-effective model for mastoidectomy training". 3D Printing in Medicine. 9 (1): 12. doi:10.1186/s41205-023-00174-y. PMC 10108487. PMID 37062800.
  21. ^ Roselló, S.; Borrás, R.; Cervantes, A. (2018). "The addition of 3D printed models to enhance the teaching and learning of bone spatial anatomy and fractures for undergraduate students". Annals of Translational Medicine. 6 (20): 395–398. doi:10.21037/atm.2018.09.59. PMC 6230839. PMID 30498717.
  22. ^ Zdero, R.; Brzozowski, P.; Schemitsch, E. H. (2023). "Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Bones Made by Synbone: A Review". Medical Engineering & Physics. 118: 104017. doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2023.104017. PMID 37536838. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
  23. ^ De Carvalho, A. N. (2013). "The Emerging Utility of Composite Bone Models in Biomechanical Studies of the Hand and Upper Extremity". Journal of Hand Surgery. 38 (2): 404–408. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.11.011. PMC 3561680. PMID 23378794.
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Category:Medical education Category:Simulation Category:Swiss companies established in 1988 Category:Design companies of Switzerland Category:3D printing