Draft:Twacha Sharir

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Declined by Ca 43 hours ago. Last edited by Citation bot 36 hours ago. Reviewer: Inform author.

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Twacha Sharir (Sanskrit: त्वचा शरीर) refers to the anatomical and physiological description of the skin in Ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine practiced in India. The term "Twacha" means skin, while "Sharir" refers to the body or its structure. Classical Ayurvedic texts such as the Sushruta Samhita and Charaka Samhita elaborate extensively on Twacha Sharir, emphasizing its structural complexity, physiological roles, and clinical significance.^[1]^[2]

Etymology

"Twacha" (त्वचा) translates to "skin", and "Sharir" (शरीर) means "body" or "anatomy". In Ayurvedic philosophy, skin is not merely a covering but a dynamic organ with structural, functional, and diagnostic relevance.^[3]

Description in Classical Texts

In the Sushruta Samhita, Twacha is described as consisting of **seven distinct layers**, each associated with specific functions and pathological conditions:

**Avabhasini** – Outermost layer; responsible for skin radiance and complexion.
**Lohita** – Contains blood; reflects emotional and physical health.
**Shweta** – Affects white discolorations; supports immunity.
**Tamra** – Linked to pigmentation disorders.
**Vedini** – Sensory layer; responsible for touch perception.
**Rohini** – Healing layer; involved in regeneration.
**Mamsadhara** – Innermost layer; binds skin to underlying muscles.^[1]

Each layer is thought to originate from different dhatus (body tissues) and is governed by the tridoshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha), further linking skin health to overall physiological balance.^[4]

Functions of Twacha

According to Ayurveda, Twacha performs multiple essential functions: - Acts as a **protective barrier** against external factors. - Facilitates **thermoregulation** and **excretion**. - Serves as a **sensory interface** via the organ of touch (Sparshanendriya). - Reflects internal health and doshic balance, useful in Ayurvedic diagnosis.

Diagnostic and Clinical Importance

In Ayurveda, skin is a diagnostic tool. Observing changes in Twacha helps in assessing doshic imbalances and systemic diseases. Skin disorders such as **Kushta** (dermatological conditions) are categorized based on the layers affected and doshas involved.^[5]

Comparison with Modern Dermatology

Modern anatomy recognizes the skin as comprising **three main layers**—epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis—while Ayurveda details seven layers. Although differing in structure and terminology, both systems emphasize the skin's sensory, regulatory, and protective roles. Recent integrative studies have sought to correlate Ayurvedic concepts with biomedical perspectives.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b Sharma, Priya V. (1999). Sushruta Samhita (Vol I–III). Varanasi: Chaukhamba Visvabharati. ISBN 9788170800413. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help)
^ Sharma, R. K. (2001). Charaka Samhita. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Sanskrit Series Office. ISBN 9788170800635. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
^ Tripathi, Ishwar Chandra (2015). "Twacha Sharir: An Ayurvedic Perspective". Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine. 3 (2): 20–24.
^ Singh, Ravi (2014). "Twacha Sharir: A Review Based on Ayurvedic and Modern Concepts". AYU Journal. 35 (2): 105–110. doi:10.4103/0974-8520.146192 (inactive 2 June 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of June 2025 (link)
^ Murthy, K.R. Srikantha (2007). Illustrated Sushruta Samhita. Chaukhambha Orientalia.
^ Patwardhan, Bhushan (2014). "Bridging Ayurveda with evidence-based scientific approaches". Current Science. 106 (6): 790–797.

External Links

[Sushruta2-1] Sharma, Priya V. (1999). Sushruta Samhita (Vol I–III). Varanasi: Chaukhamba Visvabharati. ISBN 9788170800413. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help)

[Charaka2-2] Sharma, R. K. (2001). Charaka Samhita. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Sanskrit Series Office. ISBN 9788170800635. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

[3] Tripathi, Ishwar Chandra (2015). "Twacha Sharir: An Ayurvedic Perspective". Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine. 3 (2): 20–24.

[Singh-4] Singh, Ravi (2014). "Twacha Sharir: A Review Based on Ayurvedic and Modern Concepts". AYU Journal. 35 (2): 105–110. doi:10.4103/0974-8520.146192 (inactive 2 June 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of June 2025 (link)

[5] Murthy, K.R. Srikantha (2007). Illustrated Sushruta Samhita. Chaukhambha Orientalia.

[6] Patwardhan, Bhushan (2014). "Bridging Ayurveda with evidence-based scientific approaches". Current Science. 106 (6): 790–797.

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