Draft:Without Bread and Without Work
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Submission declined on 29 May 2025 by ToadetteEdit (talk).
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Without Bread and Without Work or Sin pan y sin trabajo, is a Realist oil-on-canvas painting by Argentine artist Ernesto de la Cárcova. De la Cárcova finished it in 1894, making it the first major painting in Argentine history to portray social issues.[1] The artwork measures 125,5 centimeters in width and 216 centimeters in height. By the time it was painted, De la Cárcova was affiliated with the Centro Obrero Socialista, which was the predecessor of the Socialist Party of Argentina founded two years later.[2]
The first public apparition of the painting was in the Segundo salón del Ateneo de Buenos Aires of 1894. In 1904 it was selected by Eduardo Schiaffino to be sent to the St. Louis World Fair, where it won the Grand Prize and was featured in several newspapers.[3]
Since 1906, the artwork is exhibited in the National Museum of Fine Arts of Buenos Aires.
Former Argentine President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner claimed during a speech that it was her favorite painting.[4]
Historical Context
[edit]In the late 19th century, Argentina was going through significant economic growth due to the expansion of the exports of grain, wool, meat and leather from the country, while large waves of european immigrants arrived in the port of Buenos Aires, specially from Italy and Spain. Despite the rapid growth, Argentine society was unequal and Argentine workers would not have basic labor rights up until the 1940s.[5][6]
The growing socialist movement participated in several protests, which were violently cracked down and caused numerous casualties all over Argentina. Such as the Tragic Week, the Patagonia Rebelde and La Forestal Massacre.[7]
in 1890, the Baring Crisis occurred, which sparked a major recession in Argentina, leading to mass unemployment. The recession led to political turmoil and there was an attempt of seizing the government, which would be remembered as the Revolution of the Park. Although it was unsuccesful, it led to the resignation of President Miguel Juárez Celman.[8]
Political Relevance in the Present
[edit]Argentine right-wing politicians have historically claimed that Argentina reached its peak development in the late 19th century and early 20th century, such as President Javier Milei, who said many times that Argentina should "go back to the Centenario".[9] For this reason, in September, 2024, former President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner said that Milei should go to the National Museum of Fine Arts to see the painting and learn more about the harsh lives of the workers in that time period.[10]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Brughetti, Romualdo (1965). Historia del arte en la Argentina [History of Art in Argentina]. Pormaca. pp. 41, 47–49.
- ^ Oddone, Jacinto (1934). Historia del socialismo argentino [History of Argentine Socialism]. Talleres Gráficos La Vanguardia. pp. 199–201.
- ^ Cultura, Equipo de Desarrollo de la Dirección de Sistemas | Secretaría de Gobierno de. "Sin pan y sin trabajo". www.bellasartes.gob.ar. Retrieved 2025-05-29.
- ^ Csipka, Juan Pablo (2024-09-13). ""Sin pan y sin trabajo", la pintura a la que se refirió CFK | El cuadro de De la Cárcova se encuentra en el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes". PAGINA12 (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
- ^ Hora, Roy (2011). Historia económica de la Argentina en el siglo XIX [Economic History of Argentina in the 19th Century]. Siglo XXI Editores.
- ^ Gelman, Jorge (2011). El mapa de la desigualdad en la Argentina del siglo XIX [The Map of Unequality in 19th Century Argentina]. Prohistoria Ediciones.
- ^ Marotta, Sebastián (1960). El movimiento sindical argentino. Su génesis y desarrollo (1857–1907). Ediciones Lacio.
- ^ Pigna, Felipe (2017-11-17). "Alem y la Revolución del Parque". El Historiador (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
- ^ Página|12 (2024-04-04). ""Volvamos al país del Centenario" | Desigualdad, analfabetismo y hacinamiento". PAGINA12 (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Csipka, Juan Pablo (2024-09-13). ""Sin pan y sin trabajo", la pintura a la que se refirió CFK | El cuadro de De la Cárcova se encuentra en el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes". PAGINA12 (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
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