Kuohu
Kuohu | |
|---|---|
District of Jyväskylä | |
 A fire station in Kuohu. | |
  Kuohu Location in Central Finland | |
| Coordinates: 62°15′54″N 25°27′00″E / 62.265°N 25.450°E | |
| Country |  Finland |
| Region | Central Finland |
| Sub-region | Jyväskylä sub-region |
| City | Jyväskylä |
| Ward | Kuohu-Vesanka |
| Population (2023), urban area | |
• Total | 372 |
| • Density | 184.2/km2 (477/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
Kuohu (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkuo̞ɦu]) is a village, urban area and district of Jyväskylä, Finland, located in the western part of the city near the border with Petäjävesi. Before 2009, it was part of Jyväskylän maalaiskunta. The Finnish national road 18/23 and Haapamäki–Jyväskylä railway pass through Kuohu.
The urban area, as defined by Statistics Finland, had a population of 372 on 31 December 2023.[1] The official district of the city does not correspond to this definition.[2]
Geography
[edit]General
[edit]
Kuohu is located on the border with the municipality of Petäjävesi, some 18 kilometres (11 mi) west of downtown Jyväskylä.[3] The village of Sarvenperä, formerly part of the Korpilahti municipality, is located south of Kuohu and is closely connected to it in terms of traffic.[4]
The center of Kuohu is located by four lakes: Iso-Lampsi, Pikku-Lampsi, Neulajärvi and Niemijärvi. Other lakes or ponds include Marjojärvi, Neulalampi, Mustalampi and Lauttalampi. All lakes in the area are part of lake Muuratjärvi's watershed. The terrain around the four central lakes is quite flat with the exception of the hills Lampsinmäki and Marjovuori, which reach a height of 40 metres (130 ft) above the lakes. Most fields in Kuohu are no longer in use, with the only active farm in Kuohu being Niemi, located on an isthmus between Iso-Lampsi and Pikku-Lampsi.[3]
Boundaries
[edit]On 31 December 2023, the urban area of Kuohu had a population of 372, a surface area of 2.02 square kilometres (0.78 sq mi) and a population density of 184.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (477/sq mi).[1] The urban area comprises the densely populated part of Kuohu around the lake Iso-Lampsi, but also extends north of the national road and railroad.[2] The village of Kuohu is a wider area that had a population of 565 in 2016, of whom 317 lived in the village center, 124 in the surrounding rural areas and 124 in the area north of the railroad.[4]
Kuohu is also the name of Jyväskylä's 55th official district.[5] The district covers all of the urban area, while also extending from the border with Petäjävesi in the west to lake Vähä-Vesanka in the east.[2]
History
[edit]In the first half of the 16th century, the lands around Iso-Lampsi were hunting grounds owned by the Pauhari family from Urjala. While privately held hunting grounds in the region were being settled around the time, this possession called Lamsinsalmi was not, and instead became part of the village of Vesanka settled between 1559–1564.[6]
New farms were established in the hinterlands of Vesanka during the Great Partition carried out between the 18th and 19th centuries, including the Lampsinmäki and Lampsila farms.[7] The former was established in 1803 and the latter in 1829.[8] The farms began leasing land to tenant farmers soon after; by 1881 Lampsinmäki had seven tenure farms, while Lampsila had two.[7]
Kuohu started developing into a settlement distinct from Vesanka in the late 19th century around industry and the Haapamäki–Jyväskylä railway.[9] In 1878, the Kuohunkoski ironworks were established by Karl Gustaf Strömberg on lands rented from the Lampsinmäki farm, using water power from the Kuohunkoski rapids between Neulajärvi and Iso-Lampsi. However, the ironworks were short-lived, as they were disestablished in 1884.[10]
Kuohu began growing in the 1920s around a sawmill (Kuohu Oy) and a tar factory, with worker homes being built around them on the shores of Iso-Lampsi, Neulajärvi and Neulalampi. The sawmill was bought by Toras Oy in 1940 after the company had to leave Suojärvi, which had been occupied by (and later ceded to) the Soviet Union following the Winter War. Following World War II, the sawmill itself employed some 70 people while also providing jobs for people transporting wood to the mill, peaking at around 200 during winters.[9] Wood for tar production was felled in Laajavuori and Hanhiperä, first transported via horse to Ruoke and from there to Kuohu via rail.[11]
The main method of travel to and from Kuohu was by rail until the 1960s, when personal cars became more common and the national road 18/23 was built through the village. In the early 1980s, the closure of the sawmill caused the population of Kuohu to decline from around 600 to 400 people.[3]
The municipalities of Jyväskylän maalaiskunta and Korpilahti were consolidated with the city of Jyväskylä in 2009.[12] On 8 October 2009, Kuohu became one of Jyväskylä's official districts.[5]
Services
[edit]School
[edit]
There is a school for grades 1–4 of peruskoulu in Kuohu, sharing a building with a daycare center.[13] The school was established under an older education system (kansakoulu) in 1914.[14] Currently the school consists of two buildings, an older one finished in 1929 and a newer finished in 1986.[3]
Stores
[edit]The only store in Kuohu, Kuohun Kauppa, was closed in June 2017.[15] Other stores that have operated in the village include Koivuranta (part of Kesko), a branch of Osuuskauppa Mäki-Matti, and the privately owned T. Virtanen.[16] There was also a bar in Kuohu until 2010.[17]
Events
[edit]The youth association hall of Kuohu, built in 1927, is used as a venue for various local events. A special stage of Rally Finland is also held in Kuohu.[12]
Notable people
[edit]- Mikko Hannula (born 1967), sports commentator[18]
- Ismo Leikola (born 1979), comedian[19]
References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ a b "Taajamat väkiluvun ja väestöntiheyden mukaan, 2023". pxdata.stat.fi (in Finnish). Statistics Finland (Tilastokeskus). Archived from the original on 31 May 2025. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
- ^ a b c "Paikkatietoikkuna" (Map). kartta.paikkatietoikkuna.fi. National Land Survey of Finland (Maanmittauslaitos); urban area data: Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE). § Jyväskylän kaupunginosat + Taajamat 2023. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
- ^ a b c d Rajaniemi, Vesa (12 April 2019). "Kuohun osayleiskaava - Kaavaselostus" (PDF). jkl.fi (in Finnish). City of Jyväskylä. pp. 6–14. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
- ^ a b "Kuohu–Sarvenperä -kyläselvitys" (PDF). jkl.fi (in Finnish). City of Jyväskylä. 29 March 2016. p. 9–18. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
- ^ a b "Päätös kunnanosien nimistä ja numeroista sekä eräiden leikkipuistojen nimistä". jkl.fi (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 19 August 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
- ^ Berndtson, Nils (1983). Laukaan historia I - Vanhan Laukaan vaiheita esihistoriallisesta ajasta vuoteen 1776 (in Finnish) (2 ed.). Laukaa: Municipality of Laukaa (Laukaan kunta). pp. 111–113. ISBN 951-99436-6-8.
- ^ a b Lintunen 2003, p. 74.
- ^ Lintunen 2003, pp. 457–463.
- ^ a b Wilmi 2011, pp. 39–40.
- ^ "Kuohunkosken manufaktuurilaitos". kyppi.fi (in Finnish). Finnish Heritage Agency. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
- ^ Lintunen 2003, p. 133.
- ^ a b "Jyväskylän kaupungin yleiskaava - MASSU - Jyväskylän kaupungin maaseutualueiden maankäytön esiselvitys" (PDF). jkl.fi (in Finnish). City of Jyväskylä. 28 October 2011. pp. 9–15. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
- ^ "Kuohu–Vesanka - Jyväskylä.fi". jyvaskyla.fi (in Finnish). City of Jyväskylä. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
- ^ Wilmi 2011, p. 376.
- ^ Rahkonen, Jorma (30 May 2017). "Kuohun kauppa lopettaa ensi viikolla". Keskisuomalainen. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
- ^ Wilmi 2011. p. 168.
- ^ Koskinen, Salla; Roiha, Marja (28 January 2015). "Jäähyväiset Kuohun Baarille ja kyläkaupalle". Yle Uutiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 1 June 2025.
- ^ Lius-Liimatainen, Anne (2 June 2019). "Ylen tv-kanavilta tuttu Mikko Hannula ponnisti Kuohulta kymmeniin olympialaisiin". Keskisuomalainen. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
- ^ Pajunen, Daniel (22 January 2015). "Jyväskyläni – Ismo Leikola". tufftuff.fi (in Finnish). Kulttuuriyhdistys TUFF!. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
Cited sources
[edit]- Lintunen, Vuokko (2003). Wesanka - Kylä Sydän-Suomessa (in Finnish). Jyväskylä: Vesangan kyläyhdistys. ISBN 952-91-6246-4.
- Wilmi, Jorma (2011). Jyväskylän maalaiskunnan historia 1945-2008 (in Finnish). Jyväskylä: City of Jyväskylä. ISBN 978-952-5847-11-6.
