Lewotobi
| Lewotobi | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,703 m (5,587 ft) (Lewotobi Perempuan) 1,584 m (5,197 ft) (Lewotobi Laki-laki) |
| Prominence | 1,398 m (4,587 ft) |
| Listing | Ribu |
| Coordinates | 8°33′6″S 122°46′50″E / 8.55167°S 122.78056°E |
| Geography | |
  Lewotobi | |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Stratovolcanoes |
| Last eruption | 21 March 2025 |
Lewotobi is a twin volcano located in the southeastern part of the island of Flores, Indonesia. It has two peaks; the Lewotobi Laki-laki (Male Lewotobi) and Lewotobi Perempuan (Female Lewotobi) stratovolcanoes. The more active Lewotobi Laki-laki is about 2.1 km (1.3 mi) northwest of the taller Lewotobi Perempuan.
Older forms of its name include Lobetabi,[1] Lovotivo[1] and Loby Toby.[2]
Cultural and Nomenclature Notes
[edit]The names Lewotobi Laki-laki and Lewotobi Perempuan reflect local traditions, with the volcanoes regarded as a symbolic pair-often described as "husband and wife." Older names for the complex include Lobetabi, Lovotivo, and Loby Toby.[3]
Geology
[edit]Lewotobi's twin peaks are classic stratovolcanoes, formed by successive layers of lava, ash, and volcanic debris. The volcanoes are part of the Lesser Sunda Islands volcanic arc, which is shaped by the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. The region is seismically active, with frequent tectonic and volcanic earthquakes.[4][3]
Crater Dimensions
[edit]Lewotobi Laki-laki: ~400 m wide
Lewotobi Perempuan: ~700 m wide[3]
Eruptive Material: Primarily andesite[4]
Eruptions
[edit]
2023
[edit]An eruption has been ongoing since 23 December 2023 in Lewotobi Laki-laki, displacing up to 6,500 people as of January 2024.[5]
2024
[edit]On 4 November 2024, the volcano spewed molten debris at several villages some 4 km (2.5 mi) away, destroying homes and killing nine people.[6][7] The Centre of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation recommended that a 7 km (4.3 mi) radius around the volcano be evacuated.[8] Seven villages were affected by the eruption.[9] A larger eruption occurred on 7 November.[10] On 8 November, the volcano erupted several times, one bearing an ash plume with a height reaching 10 km (6.2 mi).[11] On 9 November, it erupted again, scrambling authorities to evacuate approximately 16,000 people from nearby villages.[12] The eruption caused flight disruptions in Bali and the cancellation of a jazz festival in Labuan Bajo.[13]
2025
[edit]On 21 March, Lewotobi Laki-laki erupted, sending ash clouds over 8 km high. Authorities raised the alert to the highest level, and Jetstar canceled some flights to Bali. The eruption followed smaller ones since 13 March. One person was injured during evacuations, though details reported were unclear. Bali airport remained open, but seven international flights were canceled. The geological agency warned of lava floods and continued activity.[14][15]
Lewotobi Laki-laki erupted again on 18 May, prompting authorities to raise Indonesia's highest volcanic alert level.[16]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b "Flores", Encyclopaedia Britannica, vol. IX (9th ed.), 1878, p. 337.
- ^ In the story "The Disturber of Traffic" by Rudyard Kipling. See The Disturber of Traffic. Notes on the text., The Kipling Society, 18 March 2008
- ^ a b c "Global Volcanism Program | Lewotobi". Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved 2025-05-19.
- ^ a b "Flores and the Lewotobi eruption". VolcanoCafe. 2024-11-04. Retrieved 2025-05-19.
- ^ "Indonesia evacuates about 6,500 people on the island of Flores after a volcano spews clouds of ash". Associated Press. 15 January 2024. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
- ^ Pati Herin, Fransiskus (4 November 2024). "10 orang tewas dan puluhan bangunan terbakar akibat erupsi gunung lewotobi laki laki". Kompas.id (in Indonesian).
- ^ "Indonesia volcano erupts again after killing nine day earlier". France 24. Retrieved 2024-11-05.
- ^ "Volcano erupts in eastern Indonesia, killing 9". South China Morning Post. 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "At least 10 dead after volcano erupts in Indonesia". BBC. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
- ^ "Indonesia's Mount Lewotobi Laki Laki erupts for the second time in a week". Associated Press. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
- ^ "Indonesian volcano spews ash 10 km high, thousands evacuate". Reuters. 8 November 2024.
- ^ "Indonesia's Mount Lewotobi erupts again, government to widen restricted zone". Reuters. 9 November 2024.
- ^ "Bali flights cancelled due to dangerous volcanic ash". BBC. 13 November 2024.
- ^ "Indonesia's Mount Lewotobi Laki Laki volcano erupts, prompting alert level to be raised". AP News. 21 March 2025.
- ^ "Indonesia's Lewotobi Laki-laki volcano erupts; some Bali flights cancelled".
- ^ "Mount Lewotobi Laki-laki Volcano in Indonesia Reaches Highest Activity Alert Level". Discover Magazine. 10 May 2025.
Bibliography
[edit]- "Lewotobi". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
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