United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites
![]() | This article documents a current event. Information may change rapidly and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (June 2025) |
Operation Midnight Hammer | |
---|---|
Part of the Iran–Israel war | |
Location | |
Planned by | ![]() |
Commanded by | Donald Trump |
Objective | Destruction of Iran's nuclear facilities |
Date | June 22, 2025 02:10 - 02:35 (IRST)[1] |
Executed by | |
Outcome | Per US:
Per Iran: |
Casualties | No casualties[6] |
| ||
---|---|---|
Business and personal 45th and 47th President of the United States Tenure
Impeachments Legal proceedings ![]() |
||
On June 22, 2025,[a] the United States Air Force and Navy attacked three nuclear facilities in Iran as part of the Iran–Israel war. The Fordow Uranium Enrichment Plant, the Natanz Nuclear Facility, and the Isfahan Nuclear Technology Center were targeted with fourteen GBU-57A/B MOP 30,000-pound (14,000 kg) bombs carried by Northrop B-2 Spirit stealth bombers, and with a separate barrage of Tomahawk missiles fired from a submarine.[1][8] The attack, which was given the codename Operation Midnight Hammer, was the United States's first offensive action in the Iran–Israel war, which began on June 13 with surprise Israeli strikes.[9][10]
United States president Donald Trump announced the strikes via Truth Social, describing it as a "very successful attack",[8] although its efficacy had not been confirmed. Congressional Republicans largely supported Trump's action, while most Democrats and some Republicans were concerned about the constitutionality of the move and its impact and response.[1] World reaction was mixed, with some world leaders welcoming the move to incapacitate Iran's nuclear program, others expressing concern over escalation, and others condemning the strikes.
Background
Iran nuclear capabilities
Donald Trump has consistently maintained that Iran should not be permitted to acquire nuclear weapons since at least 2011.[11] Iran has been a part of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) since its creation in 1970, but there has been extended dispute over the status of its nuclear program, and it has been found in non-compliance with the NPT, for which it faced extended economic sanctions. This was renegotiated in 2015 as part of the Iran nuclear deal (or Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, JCPOA), which lifted some sanctions.[12] During Trump's first presidency in 2018, the United States withdrew from the JCPOA and reinstated sanctions on Iran,[13] which received a generally negative response internationally, particularly from the European Union.[14] One of the major Iranian nuclear sites is Fordow Uranium Enrichment Plant, estimated to be 80 to 90 meters underground. Because of its deep location, the United States military officials had proposed the use of GBU-57A/B MOP or "bunker buster" bombs, which can only be carried by a B-2 bomber, to destroy Fordow (the United States is the only nation to possess either of these capabilities). There was extended debate about whether the bunker buster bombs would actually be able to destroy Fordow.[15][16]
On February 4, 2025, Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu visited Washington, D.C. and reportedly reminded Trump that Iran had planned to assassinate him. Netanyahu gave a detailed slide deck presentation showing how Iran was increasing its uranium stockpile and advancing its centrifuge technology, which Netanyahu said showed Iran was getting closer to crossing the nuclear threshold.[17] The U.S. intelligence agencies were not convinced the information actually showed Iran was getting closer to crossing the nuclear threshold.[18] On May 31, 2025, IAEA reported that Iran had sharply increased its stockpile of uranium enriched to 60% purity, just below weapons-grade, reaching over 408 kilograms, a nearly 50% rise since February. The agency warned that this amount is enough for multiple nuclear weapons if further enriched.[19]
Multiple advisors of Trump, including Steve Bannon and Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard, warned against war with Iran and have claimed the intelligence community does not consider Iran to be building a nuclear weapon.[20] After Trump called Gabbard "wrong" and said he "did not care what she said," Gabbard changed her position and said Iran could have a nuclear weapon "within months".[21] Trump also said in response to these comments that, "my intelligence community is wrong."[22]
Israeli involvement
Israel, which has never signed the NPT[23] but is widely believed to possess nuclear weapons,[24] has consistently viewed the potential for regional powers to acquire nuclear weapons as an existential threat. It has repeatedly undertaken both covert and overt actions to prevent such developments, and has likely been involved in the assassination of Iranian nuclear scientists.[25][26] The conflict between Iran and Israel has been intensifying since the October 7, 2023, attacks by Hamas, as Hamas is partially funded by Iran.[27] Historically, the U.S. has supported Israel in the Middle East, and particularly has financed Israel's military through United States Foreign Military Financing as well as supporting Israel's military actions.[28] Vox notes that Israel's goal seems to be a regime change in Iran, rather than a simple targeting of their nuclear program, and that Trump has placed military support behind these goals.[29]
Congressional resolutions
In the week before the bombings, Senator Tim Kaine (D-VA) introduced a resolution in the Senate stating that Trump could not use the U.S. military against Iran without explicit authorization from Congress, through either a declaration of war or an authorization for use of military force. Representatives Thomas Massie (R-KY) and Ro Khanna (D-CA) introduced a parallel resolution in the House of Representatives. The House resolution had several dozen Democratic co-sponsors.[30]
Opinion polling
Many right-wing politicians and commentators in the United States, including Rand Paul and Tucker Carlson, have criticized Trump's support for Israeli strikes against Iran,[31] and the possible involvement of the United States in the war.[32] A June 2025 poll of Trump voters found 53% said the U.S. should not get involved in the Iran–Israel conflict.[33] A separate June 2025 poll by The Washington Post found 45% of respondents opposed the U.S. military launching airstrikes against Iran, and a further 30% were unsure; 25% supported a military response.[34]
Preparation
In the weeks leading up to June 22, the U.S. evacuated its citizens, issued travel warnings, and withdrew non-essential personnel from its embassies.[35] On June 16 it was reported that the US was moving forces east over the Atlantic Ocean, including at least 31 air tankers to Europe, an unusually large number.[36] Also on June 16, Iranian facilities interfered with the ship position reporting, causing a nuisance to shipping in the Strait of Hormuz.[37]
On June 16 and 17, Trump made several posts hinting at something "much bigger" than a peace deal coming.[38] On June 17, Trump called on Iran to unconditionally surrender. U.S. secretary of state Marco Rubio told U.S. allies over recent days that Washington would prefer to see a diplomatic solution,[39] and Trump had sent U.S. officials to Tehran in support of a nuclear deal.[40] On June 19, Trump issued a statement via White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt, saying, "Based on the fact that there's a substantial chance of negotiations that may or may not take place with Iran in the near future, I will make my decision whether or not to go within the next two weeks."[20] According to sources, on the same day, Israeli officials including Netanyahu, Israel Katz and Eyal Zamir called the Trump administration, saying that they could not wait two weeks; they thought they only had a small opportunity window. The US is the only nation that has bunker busters that are capable of penetrating Fordow. The phone call also included JD Vance, who pushed back citing concerns about direct US involvement and being pulled into war; Pete Hegseth was also on the call.[41] According to The Jerusalem Post, it took Netanyahu and Ron Dermer a week to convince Trump to bomb Iran with Trump and Netanyahu speaking almost daily. According to the sources, Trump and senior US officials had been impressed by Israel's achievements. Trump had only planned to bomb Fordow, but Netanyahu and Dermer convinced him to attack the other sites as well.[42]
In the days before the attack, Iran increased its oil exports, fearing a US attack on its oil facilities.[43] Iran claimed that nuclear material had already been evacuated from Fordow and Natanz, and moved elsewhere.[44]
On June 21, the United States deployed B-2 stealth bombers to Guam.[45] U.S. bases in the Middle East entered a state of highest alert and improved air defense, as Iran threatened to strike any country assisting Israel. Most of the U.S. military aircraft parked on the tarmac at Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar were no longer visible by June 19, suggesting they might have been evacuated in case of Iranian retaliation.[46] The Houthis also declared their readiness to fight.[47] In response, the United States warned of a devastating retaliation should American interests be threatened.[48]
ABC News reported that the American and Israeli militaries had conducted a practice run of this attack during a training exercise in mid-2024 during the Biden administration.[49] Axios reported that the top Democrats on the Senate and House Intelligence panels were not given advance notice of the attack, while the top Republicans were.[50]
Strikes



On June 22, the United States Air Force and Navy attacked three Iranian nuclear sites: Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan,[51] in an operation called "Midnight Hammer". Seven Northrop B-2 Spirit bombers of the 509th Bomb Wing flew non-stop from Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri. Six B-2s dropped 12 GBU-57A/B MOP bombs on the Fordow facility, and the seventh B-2 dropped two MOPs on Natanz. Additionally, a submarine fired 30 Tomahawk missiles at the Natanz and Isfahan sites.[52][1][53][49][54] Natanz and Fordow were hit at approximately 2:30 a.m. local time (23:00 the previous day UTC).[1][7]
While the United States did not specify which submarine was involved, the USS Georgia (SSGN-729) had been in the region since September 2024.[52]
The "bunker buster" MOP bombs had never been used in combat before.[1][55] They are so heavy that they can only be delivered by B-2 bombers, which only the United States possesses.[56] The B-2s flew continuously for roughly 37 hours between their takeoff and the strikes, and were refueled several times mid-air.[9] The B-2s were preceded by fourth and fifth generation American fighter aircraft to preempt any surface to air defensive fire; no such defensive fire was detected due to damage caused by previous Israeli attacks.[57] Due to concerns about operational security arising from Trump's social media posts from June 16 and 17, additional B-2 planes flew a decoy mission westward from the United States over the Pacific Ocean.[57][38] In total, 125 aircraft were involved, including refueling, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance aircraft.[57]
Satellite images of the Fordow site taken after the strikes showed two clusters of apparent bomb entry points, as well as grey-blue ash covering the area.[58][59] Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Dan Caine stated that the Iranian nuclear sites had sustained "severe damage" from the strikes,[9] but said that damage assessment would take time.[60] The early conclusion of US and Israeli officials was that the Fordow plant had been severely damaged, but not destroyed.[61]
Following the strikes, Trump wrote on Truth Social:[62]
We have completed our very successful attack on the three nuclear sites in Iran, including Fordow, Natanz, and Esfahan. All planes are now outside of Iran air space. A full payload of BOMBS was dropped on the primary site, Fordow. All planes are safely on their way home. Congratulations to our great American Warriors. There is not another military in the World that could have done this. NOW IS THE TIME FOR PEACE! Thank you for your attention to this matter.[63]
Trump gave a short televised address at 10 p.m. EDT on June 21, in which he claimed that Iran's key nuclear enrichment facilities had been "completely and totally obliterated".[64][8] During his statement, which was about four minutes long,[1][65] he further called the strikes a "spectacular military success", confirmed the earlier reporting, and warned of more attacks if Iran did not seek peace.[66] He concluded by saying both "God bless America" and "God bless Israel."[65]
Immediately after the statement, Trump posted on Truth Social in all caps saying that "Any retaliation by Iran against the United States of America will be met with force far greater than what was witnessed tonight."[67]
The next morning, the Department of Defense gave a longer briefing where Hegseth and Caine outlined further details of the operation.[68]
Iranian response
Iran's state media agency, IRNA, quoting an Iranian official, reported that there was no radioactive material at the three sites which were targeted.[69] Morteza Heidari, spokesperson for the Emergency Committee of the City of Qom, said that enemy forces had bombed "parts of the Fordo nuclear facility".[1] Iranian officials have said that there is no danger to the residents living near the nuclear facilities that were hit by the U.S. strikes, according to Iranian state media. Quoting the Crisis Management Headquarters in the province of Qom, where the Fordow facility is located, IRNA stated, "there is no danger to the people of Qom and the surrounding area".[70] According to Iranian officials, nuclear material had already been evacuated and moved elsewhere before the strikes.[71]
Magen David Adom said that at least 16 people in Israel were wounded by Iranian missiles launched in retaliation for the overnight strikes.[1]
Aftermath
The Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia and the New York Police Department increased security around religious institutions following the strikes.[1] Israel closed its airspace.[49]
Later, on June 22, the US State Department ordered the departure of family members and non-emergency US government personnel from Lebanon.[72]
Also on June 22, the United Nations Security Council held an emergency meeting on the airstrikes at the request of Iran.[73][74]
Trump administration statements
In interviews the next day, Vance and Rubio both stated that regime change was not a goal of the operation,[75] as did Hegseth in a news briefing.[76] A few hours later, Trump suggested that regime change might be good for Iran.[75] Later, U.S. officials including Vance conceded that they did not know where Iran's stockpile of enriched uranium was and that it had likely been moved away from Fordow before the strikes.[77]
Reactions
United States
Lindsey Graham, a Republican senator from South Carolina, praised the strikes, stating that it was "the right call" and "the regime deserves it".[78] House speaker Mike Johnson released a statement, saying: "President Trump has been consistent and clear that a nuclear-armed Iran will not be tolerated [...] That posture has now been enforced with strength, precision and clarity."[79] Chair of the Senate Intelligence Committee Tom Cotton of Arkansas tweeted, "President Trump made the right call and the ayatollahs should recall his warning not to target Americans."[80] Senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky said the strikes were a "prudent response to the warmongers in Tehran".[81] Senate Majority Leader John Thune argued that the action was needed after previous failed diplomatic efforts: "The regime in Iran, which has committed itself to bringing 'death to America' and wiping Israel off the map, has rejected all diplomatic pathways to peace."[79] Senator Tim Sheehy of Montana called the strikes the "right decision."[82] Senator Ted Cruz of Texas said in a statement: "Tonight's actions have gone far in foreclosing that possibility, and countering the apocalyptic threat posed by an Iranian nuclear arsenal."[83] Chair of the House Intelligence Committee Rick Crawford praised President Trump and stated: "I have been in touch with the White House before this action and will continue to track developments closely with them in the coming days."[83]
Former Florida governor and 2016 presidential candidate Jeb Bush, Ambassador Mark Wallace, Frances Townsend, and Tom Tugendhat released a joint statement, saying: "We applaud President Trump and the United States for this decision–one of the most important of the 21st century."[84]
Democratic senator from Pennsylvania John Fetterman was the first Democratic senator to praise the strikes, saying: "As I've long maintained, this was the correct move by @POTUS. Iran is the world's leading sponsor of terrorism and cannot have nuclear capabilities. I'm grateful for and salute the finest military in the world."[85] Fetterman previously stated that he hopes "the president finally does bomb and destroy the Iranians."[86]
Democratic Representative Jim Himes replied to Trump's post, writing: "According to the Constitution we are both sworn to defend, my attention to this matter comes BEFORE bombs fall. Full stop."[1] He later said in a statement, "Donald Trump's decision to launch direct military action against Iran without Congressional approval is a clear violation of the Constitution, which grants the power to declare war explicitly to Congress" and "It is impossible to know at this stage whether this operation accomplished its objectives."[87] Democratic House minority leader Hakeem Jeffries said, "President Trump misled the country about his intentions, failed to seek congressional authorization for the use of military force and risks American entanglement in a potentially disastrous war in the Middle East".[1]
Republican Representative Thomas Massie condemned the strikes as "not constitutional"[51] and said there was no "imminent threat to the United States" from Iran.[88] Democratic Representative Diana DeGette said Trump's "reckless actions are going to put the lives of American service members and American citizens at risk".[1] Democratic Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (NY-14) said that Trump's actions were "clearly grounds for impeachment".[49] Independent Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont received news of the strikes while at a "Fighting Oligarchy" rally in Tulsa, and called them "alarming" and "grossly unconstitutional". Republican Representative Warren Davidson tweeted, "it's hard to conceive a rationale that's Constitutional".[82] Republican Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene stated, "this is not our fight", and criticized the rationale for the strikes, noting, "There would not be bombs falling on the people of Israel if Netanyahu had not dropped bombs on the people of Iran first."[89] Democratic Representative Ro Khanna, on the House Armed Services Committee, said, "The reality is, people want regime change in Iran, and they are egging this president on to bomb."[88]
The Council on American-Islamic Relations National Executive Director Nihad Awad said, "We condemn President Trump's illegal and unjustified act of war against Iran. This attack, carried out under pressure from the out-of-control Israeli government, took place despite the longstanding conclusion by our nation's intelligence community that Iran was not seeking nuclear weapons." He drew comparison with President George W. Bush's "disastrous" 2003 war in Iraq.[90]
The strikes were criticized by several commentators who are usually supportive of Trump, including Steve Bannon, Tucker Carlson and Theo Von.[91]
Iran
As of June 21, 2025[update], Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei had not issued an official response, as he was in an underground bunker at the time of the strikes with no means of electronic communication, leaving Iran's definitive response unclear.[1] Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi condemned the strikes as a "reckless violation of the UN Charter and international law" and stated "Iran reserves all options to defend its sovereignty, interest, and people."[92][93] Iranian advisor Mehdi Mohammadi claimed that Iran was not surprised by the attack and had been expecting it for some time, and that Fordow was evacuated and no irreversible damage was sustained.[94]
The Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI) has called the US attacks "a barbaric act that violated international law, especially the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty", and that it planned to both seek justice in international court and continue its nuclear program.[1] The AEOI stated in a social media post that the radiation system data and field surveys do not show any signs of contamination or dangers to the residents near the sites of Fordow, Isfahan and Natanz.[70][69]
The Islamic Republic of Iran's armed forces announced that the flight paths of the planes participating in the attack had been identified and were being monitored. They said that the attacks on Israel and the destruction of its infrastructure would continue with vigor.[95]
On 22 June 2025, the Iranian parliament approved a motion calling for the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, a key maritime corridor through which nearly 20% of the world’s oil and liquefied natural gas is transported.[96][97] The vote, described by Iranian media as politically significant, does not constitute an immediate closure; the measure must still be ratified by the Supreme National Security Council, which holds final authority over national security decisions.[98] As of 23 June, international shipping continued through the strait under heightened alert, with some commercial operators pausing transits and others reporting increased caution due to the deteriorating security situation. The presence of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) vessels in the area was also observed, contributing to concerns over maritime safety.[99] Global oil prices rose sharply amid fears of potential disruption to energy supplies.[100]
Israel
Netanyahu congratulated Trump, stating that his "bold decision" to target Iran's nuclear facilities with the "righteous and awesome might of the United States" would be a "historic turning point", and said that Trump "has done what no other country on earth could do. History will record that President Trump acted to deny the world's most dangerous regime the world's most dangerous weapons."[51][1] Former defense minister Yoav Gallant said Trump had made a "bold decision for the United States, for Israel, for all of humanity".[1] President Isaac Herzog tweeted, "In the pages of human history, this is a moment when the principles of liberty, responsibility, and security have triumphed." and "Thank you, United States of America."[101]
International
List of reactions from international leaders
|
---|
|
Supranational
United Nations: Secretary-General António Guterres described the strikes as "dangerous escalation" and called for diplomacy.[151]
Non-state actors
The strikes were condemned by Iranian affiliates in the region. Hamas condemned the strikes as a "blatant aggression".[152] Hezbollah condemned the strikes as a "barbaric and treacherous American aggression against peaceful nuclear facilities" and affirmed its "complete solidarity" with Iran and "its leadership".[110] However, Hezbollah said it would not retaliate, stating Iran is a "strong country capable of defending itself", and adding that the group remained committed to its previous ceasefire agreement with Israel.[153] The Houthis condemned the strikes as "a dangerous escalation and a direct threat to regional and international security and peace" and said, "Trump must bear the consequences."[51][154]
Analysis
Ray Takeyh, a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, called the strikes "a new phase, and a potentially problematic one," and said that Iran "would have to essentially restore pride in some way," potentially by launching attacks on American military sites or proxies.[1] Karim Sadjadpour, a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, noted, "This is more likely to open a new chapter of the 46-year-old US–Iran war than conclude it", that most of the retaliatory options available to Iran are the "equivalent of a suicide bombing", and "this is a traumatic, humiliating event" for the Iranian population, leaving it unclear exactly how Iran will respond.[155]
Jonathan Panikoff, the director of the Scowcroft Middle East Security Initiative at the Atlantic Council, warned that Iran might respond disproportionally to restore deterrence, stating, "you're looking at a significant escalatory spiral that could get out of hand quickly."[1]
Defense Priorities's Middle East program director, Rosemary Kelanic, also felt the strikes made it "much more likely that Iran will want to obtain nuclear weapons".[156] Burcu Ozcelik, a senior research fellow with the Royal United Services Institute, said the attack was "yet another demonstration, from the hard-line Iranian point of view, that America can't be trusted".[157]
A CNN analyst noted that the United States may still attack further targets given that there "is a real concern that now the Iranians will retaliate", and suggested that Iran could attack U.S. bases in Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain, and potentially close the Strait of Hormuz.[51]
According to Michael Tomasky, the strikes contradict the promise by Donald Trump's campaign that he would be an anti-war president.[158]
The Economist reported, "even if America did not reach all parts of the Fordow complex, the powerful blasts might have done enough to damage or destroy the machinery inside", and cited nuclear weapons expert Richard Nephew who said, "Uncontrolled vibration ... is a centrifuge killer". Former IAEA inspector and Institute for Science and International Security founder David Albright told The Economist that destroying Fordow's ventilation shaft could disable the site for "a few years rather than a few months", and a weapons expert told The Economist that images after the strikes suggested the US may have targeted Fordow's ventilation.[60]
Notes
- ^ The attacks are reported to have occurred at about 2:30 a.m. Iran Standard Time (i.e. UTC+03:30) on June 22,[7] which corresponds to 23:00 UTC on June 21
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Nagourney, Eric; Haberman, Maggie (June 21, 2025). "U.S. Enters War With Iran, Striking Fordo Nuclear Site: Live Updates". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 21, 2025. Retrieved June 21, 2025.
- ^ "What we know about US air strikes on three Iranian nuclear sites". BBC News. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Natanz nuclear site destroyed, Isfahan, Fordow severely damaged by US strikes, sources say". The Jerusalem Post. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Yeung, Allegra Goodwin, Gianluca Mezzofiore, Christian Edwards, Thomas Bordeaux, Jessie (June 22, 2025). "How badly have US strikes damaged Iran's nuclear facilities? Here's what to know". CNN. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Staff, Al Jazeera. "Satellite images show damage from US strikes on Iran's Fordow nuclear site". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ "US strikes on nuclear sites caused no casualties: Iranian Red Crescent". L'Orient Today. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ a b Sanger, David E. (June 22, 2025). "With Military Strike His Predecessors Avoided, Trump Takes a Huge Gamble". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b c Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) (June 21, 2025). "We have completed our very successful attack on the three Nuclear sites in Iran, including Fordow, Natanz, and Esfahan. All planes are now outside of Iran air space. A full payload of BOMBS was dropped on the primary site, Fordow. All planes are safely on their way home. Congratulations to our great American Warriors. There is not another military in the World that could have done this. NOW IS THE TIME FOR PEACE! Thank you for your attention to this matter". Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Truth Social.
- ^ a b c "The U.S. Enters Israel's War Against Iran: What to Know". The New York Times. June 13, 2025. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Magid, Jacob; Agencies. "US bombs Fordo, 2 other nuclear facilities, joining Israel's war in Iran". The Times of Israel. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Trump on Iran: From 'very close' to a deal to 'very close' to a bomb". Al Jazeera English. June 19, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ DeYoung, Karen; Morello, Carol (July 16, 2015). "The path to a final Iran nuclear deal: Long days and short tempers". Washington Post. Archived from the original on July 17, 2015. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Landler, Mark (May 8, 2018). "Trump Abandons Iran Nuclear Deal He Long Scorned". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 8, 2018. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "EU to block US sanctions on Iran for European companies". Deutsche Welle. May 17, 2018. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "The Challenges Involved in Military Strikes Against Iran's Nuclear Programme". www.rusi.orghttps. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ Lowell, Hugo (June 19, 2025). "Trump weighs Iran strike as Pentagon officials privately divided over 'bunker buster' bombs". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ Cortellessa, Eric (June 19, 2025). "How Netanyahu Pushed Trump to Back Strikes on Iran". TIME. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ Ward, Alexander; Seligman, Lara; Volz, Dustin (June 17, 2025). "Israel Built Its Case for War With Iran on New Intelligence. The U.S. Didn't Buy It". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ "UN nuclear watchdog board censures Iran, which retaliates by announcing a new enrichment site". AP News. June 12, 2025. Retrieved June 12, 2025.
- ^ a b "Another Iraq? Military Expert Warns U.S. Has No Real Plan If It joins Israel's War on Iran". Democracy Now!. June 20, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Tulsi Gabbard now says Iran could produce nuclear weapon 'within weeks'". BBC News. June 21, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Broadwater, Luke (June 22, 2025). "Trump Picks a Side on Entering the War in Iran, for Now". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ "NTI: Global Security Newswire – Stronger Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty Needed, Obama Says". NTI: Global Security Newswire. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Leaked email reveals Israel has '200 nukes'". The Independent. September 16, 2016. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Ghaedi, Monir (April 10, 2024). "How Israel prevents its neighbors from getting nuclear arms". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "At least 14 Iranian nuclear scientists killed by Israel since Friday, sources say". The Times of Israel. Reuters. Archived from the original on June 15, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Israeli airstrike in Damascus kills high-ranking Iranian general, says Iran". The Guardian. Associated Press. December 25, 2023. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on February 2, 2024. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Gregory S. Mahler, Israel After Begin, p. 45. SUNY Press, 1990. ISBN 0-7914-0367-X
- ^ Keating, Joshua (June 22, 2025). "This time, it's Trump's war". Vox. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ Lemon, Jason (June 22, 2025). "Full list of Congress members backing War Powers Resolution against Trump". Newsweek. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "'Drop Israel': How military escalation with Iran divides Trump's base". Al Jazeera English. June 14, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Pager, Tyler; Broadwater, Luke (June 13, 2025). "Republicans Are Divided Over Iran. Will Trump Pick a Side?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 17, 2025. Retrieved June 17, 2025.
- ^ Luscombe, Richard (June 18, 2025). "Most Trump supporters want to keep US military out of Israel-Iran conflict, poll finds". The Guardian. Retrieved June 18, 2025.
- ^ "We asked 1,000 Americans if they support U.S. strikes on Iran. This is how they responded". The Washington Post. June 18, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Ravid, Barak (June 12, 2025). "U.S. evacuating personnel from the Middle East amid growing tensions with Iran". Axios.
- ^ "Exclusive-US Bolsters Military Options for Trump With Refueling Aircraft, Officials Say". U.S. News & World Report. June 16, 2025.
The sudden eastward deployment of over two dozen U.S. Air Force tankers is not business as usual
- ^ "Super Tanker Charter Rates Soar on Persian Gulf Route". OilPrice.com. June 16, 2025.
electronic interference stemming from the port of Bandar Abbas
- ^ a b Mazzetti, Mark; Swan, Jonathan; Haberman, Maggie; Schmitt, Eric; Cooper, Helene (June 23, 2025). "How Trump Decided to Strike Iran". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ "Rubio Tells Allies Deal with Iran 'Preferred' Option". The Wall Street Journal. June 21, 2025. Retrieved June 21, 2025.
- ^ Samuels, Brett (June 21, 2025). "US bombs three Iran nuclear sites, entering war". The Hill.
- ^ "Israel refuses to wait two weeks for Donald Trump's Iran deadline". The Jerusalem Post. June 21, 2025. Archived from the original on June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "How Netanyahu convinced Donald Trump to strike Iran: Behind the scenes | The Jerusalem Post". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ "Iran Floods Tankers With Oil to Shield Crude From Missile Strikes". OilPrice.com. June 20, 2025.
- ^ George, Susannah; Torbati, Yeganeh; Masih, Niha; Jeong, Andrew; Sands, Leo; Cheeseman, Abbie; Birnbaum, Michael; Allison, Natalie; Yang, Joshua (June 22, 2025). "Tehran weighs response to U.S. strikes as Iranians brace for bigger conflict". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
Iran anticipated possible U.S. strikes for days .. nuclear material was moved elsewhere.
- ^ "US reportedly moves stealth bombers as Trump considers strikes against Iran". BBC News. June 21, 2025.
- ^ "US military aircraft no longer visible at base in Qatar: satellite images". France 24. June 19, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Houthis threaten to resume attacks on US vessels in Red Sea if US joins Israel's war with Iran". The Economic Times. June 21, 2025. Retrieved June 21, 2025.
- ^ "Iran missiles cause multiple casualties after strikes in Israel". BBC News. June 13, 2025. Retrieved June 21, 2025.
- ^ a b c d "Israel-Iran live updates: Trump addresses nation after attack on Iranian nuclear sites". ABC News. June 21, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Neukam, Stephen (June 22, 2025). "Top Democrats left in dark on Iran strike plans". Axios. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b c d e f g Brennan, Eve; Tanno, Sophie; Lockwood, Pauline; Vogt, Adrienne; Powell, Tori; Meyer, Matt; Saltman, Max (June 21, 2025). "Israel claims killing of Iranian commander as conflict enters second week". CNN. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b Mongilio, Heather; Lagrone, Sam (June 21, 2025). "Operation Midnight Hammer Drops 14 Bunker Busters in Record B-2 Strike Against Iranian Nuclear Sites". USNI News. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ "US B-2 bombers involved in Iran strikes, U.S. official says". Reuters. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Bradley, Dre; Hartle, Sam (June 21, 2025). "Kansas, Missouri lawmakers react after U.S. bombs 3 nuclear sites in Iran". KSHB-TV. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Cooper, Helene; Schmitt, Eric; Barnes, Julian E. (June 22, 2025). "U.S. Military Is Pulled Back Into Middle East Wars". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Granados, Samuel; Lee, Junho; White, Jeremy; Abraham, Leanne (June 20, 2025). "A Long Way Down: What It Takes to Hit Iran's Deepest Nuclear Site". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b c Mongilio, Heather; Lagrone, Sam (June 22, 2025). "Operation Midnight Hammer Drops 14 Bunker Busters in Record B-2 Strike Against Iranian Nuclear Sites". USNI News. Annapolis, Maryland: U.S. Naval Institute. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b c Holder, Josh (June 22, 2025). "Update from Josh Holder". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Verde, Amaya; Valiño, Álvaro; Kirkpatrick, N.; Moriarty, Dylan; Torbati, Yeganeh; Lamothe, Dan; Masih, Niha; Jeong, Andrew; Vinall, Frances (June 22, 2025). "Israel-Iran live updates: Trump warns Iran not to retaliate after U.S. strikes nuclear sites". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b "Trump's Iran attack was ferocious. But has it actually worked?". The Economist. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Schmitt, Eric; Bergman, Ronen (June 22, 2025). "Iran's Fordo Nuclear Site Said to Look Severely Damaged, Not Destroyed". The New York Times. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Haltiwanger, John (June 25, 2025). "The U.S. Has Bombed Iran's Nuclear Sites". Foreign Policy. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Donald Trump [@realDonaldTrump] (June 21, 2025). "We have completed our very successful attack ...". – via Truth Social
- ^ Roth, Andrew (June 22, 2025). "Donald Trump says US has attacked three Iranian nuclear sites and 'totally obliterated' them". The Guardian. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b Wire, Sarah; Mansfield, Erin. "What did Trump say in speech after US strikes on Iran? Read the transcript". USA Today. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Magid, Jacob (June 21, 2025). "Trump: Iran's key nuclear enrichment facilities completely and totally obliterated". The Times of Israel. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "U.S. launches strikes on 3 Iranian nuclear facilities, Trump says". CBS News. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Hegseth, Caine Brief Media". Department of Defense. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b c Osgood, Brian; Ali, Harb; Stepansky, Joseph (June 22, 2025). "US bombs Iran nuclear sites, including Fordow". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved June 21, 2025.
- ^ a b "Israel-Iran war live: Trump says Iran's key nuclear facilities 'obliterated' in US strikes and that Tehran must now make peace". The Guardian. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ George, Susannah; Torbati, Yeganeh; Masih, Niha; Jeong, Andrew; Sands, Leo; Cheeseman, Abbie; Birnbaum, Michael; Allison, Natalie; Yang, Joshua (June 22, 2025). "Tehran weighs response to U.S. strikes as Iranians brace for bigger conflict". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Gebeily, Maya; Singh, Kanishka (June 22, 2025). "US orders departure of family members and non-emergency US personnel from Lebanon". Reuters. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Hernandez, Joe (June 22, 2025). "Iran's top officials condemn U.S. strikes and assert their right to self-defense". NPR. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "United Nations Security Council Holds Meeting on Israel-Iran Conflict". C-SPAN. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b Venugopal Ramaswamy, Swapna (June 22, 2025). "Trump says he's open to regime change in Iran; Vance, Rubio say that's not the goal". USA Today. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Watch: Hegseth and Caine hold Pentagon news briefing after U.S. strikes on Iran nuclear sites". PBS News. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Sanger, David E. (June 22, 2025). "Officials Concede They Don't Know the Fate of Iran's Uranium Stockpile". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ Jimison, Robert (June 22, 2025). "Senator Lindsey Graham, Republican of South Carolina and one of the most vocal Iran defense hawks on Capitol Hill ..." The New York Times. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b Jimison, Robert; Gold, Michael (June 22, 2025). "Republican Lawmakers Cheer Strike on Iran as Top Democrats Condemn It". The New York Times. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Gould, Joe; O'Brien, Connor; Johansen, Ben; Svirnovskiy, Gregory (June 21, 2025). "MAGA largely falls in line on Trump's Iran strikes". Politico. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Barnes, Julian (June 22, 2025). "Senator Mitch McConnell, Republican of Kentucky, who has emerged as one of the few Republican critics ..." The New York Times. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b Gould, Joe (June 21, 2025). "MAGA largely falls in line on Trump's Iran strikes". Politico. Retrieved June 21, 2025.
- ^ a b Frazier, Kierra (June 21, 2025). "Lawmakers respond to U.S. launching strikes on 3 Iranian nuclear facilities". CBS News. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "UANI Applauds President Trump's Military Strikes on Iran's Nuclear Facilities". United Against Nuclear Iran. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Pennsylvania senators Dave McCormick, John Fetterman praise US strikes on Iran nuclear sites". Standard Speaker. June 21, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Skopic, Alex (June 20, 2025). "Wait, Why Is Israel Allowed To Have Nukes?". Current Affairs. ISSN 2471-2647. Archived from the original on June 21, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Moore, Elena (June 21, 2025). "Trump says U.S. 'completely and totally obliterated' nuclear facilities in Iran". NPR. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b Markus, Nicole (June 22, 2025). "'There was no imminent threat,' Thomas Massie says in joining Ro Khanna in decrying Iran strike". Politico. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Trump ally Marjorie Taylor Greene slams president's decision to strike Iran and join Israel's war". Irish Star. June 22, 2025.
- ^ Ramaswamy, Swapna Venugopal. "The move comes after Iran and Israel have been engaged in aerial strikes". The Palm Beach Post. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Trump faces backlash from Maga base after strikes on Iran". Financial Times. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Gambrell, John (June 22, 2025). "Iran's foreign minister slams US strikes". Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Araghchi, Abbas [@araghchi] (June 22, 2025). "The United States, a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, has committed a grave violation of the UN Charter, international law and the NPT by attacking Iran's peaceful nuclear installations" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ "US bombs Iran's nuclear sites: What we know so far". Al Jazeera English. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "محل پرواز هواپیماهای آمریکایی متجاوز شناسایی شده است/ متجاوزان منتظر پاسخ پشیمان کننده باشند" [The location of the American planes flying in the aggressors has been identified/the aggressors should wait for a regretful response]. mashreghnews (in Persian). June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Iran parliament votes to close Strait of Hormuz". USA Today. Gannett. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ Parry, Jacob (June 22, 2025). "Iran reportedly moves to shut Strait of Hormuz after US attacks". Politico Europe. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ Parry, Jacob (June 22, 2025). "Iran reportedly moves to shut Strait of Hormuz after US attacks". Politico Europe. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ Meredith, Sam (June 23, 2025). "U.S.-Iran crisis: Shipping groups seen avoiding the Strait of Hormuz". CNBC. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ "Oil jumps after Iran votes to close Strait of Hormuz". The Telegraph. June 23, 2025. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ "Herzog on US strike: This is a moment when liberty, responsibility and security triumphed". The Times of Israel. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 21, 2025.
- ^ "Edi Rama: Jemi përkrah Trump në parandalimin që regjimi i Teheranit të ndërtojë bombën bërthamore!". Tema. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Javier Milei y sus medidas, EN VIVO: "Hoy es un gran día para la civilización occidental", el mensaje que compartió el Presidente tras el ataque de Estados Unidos a Irán" [Javier Milei and his measures, LIVE: "Today is a great day for Western civilization", the message that shared the President after the attack of the United States to Iran]. Clarín (in Spanish). June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Albanese says Australia supports US strikes on Iran, but insists action was 'unilateral'". SBS News. June 23, 2025.
- ^ "US claims Iran's nuclear sites destroyed". The Saturday Paper. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ @_CStocker (June 22, 2025). "Wir verfolgen die Entwicklungen im Nahen Osten sehr genau" (Tweet) (in German). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ @prevotmaxime (June 22, 2025). "The theocratic regime of the mullahs of Iran must not be allowed to develop a nuclear weapon, as it would be a threat to international security" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Bolivia condena enérgicamente agresión de EEUU contra Irán" (in Spanish). Prensa Latina. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Buckley, Charlie. "Mark Carney on Iran strikes: 'Return immediately to the negotiating table". CTV News. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b c d Haq, Sana Noor; Yeung, Jessie; Mogul, Rhea; Salem, Mostafa; Ebrahim, Nadeen; Brennan, Eve (June 22, 2025). "Live updates: Iran warns US strikes will have 'everlasting consequences' as Trump says nuclear sites 'obliterated'". CNN. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b Srivastava, Spriha; Bhattacharjee, Riya (June 21, 2025). "World leaders react after Trump says U.S. has bombed 3 nuclear sites in Iran, including Fordo". NBC Los Angeles. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ @ckombos (June 22, 2025). "Closely monitoring the rapidly evolving situation in the Middle East" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Czech leaders call US strike on Iran justified: 'Threat to the entire world'". June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Lars Løkke efterlyser diplomati i Iran-krise efter amerikansk angreb" (in Danish). June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b c d e "US to give Pentagon briefing after bombing Iran nuclear sites - live updates". BBC News. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ @Tsahkna (June 22, 2025). "The U.S. strike on Iran's nuclear sites signals a firm stance against its nuclear ambitions, which threaten global security" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ @PetteriOrpo (June 22, 2025). "On vältettävä tilanteen eskaloitumista ja palattava neuvotteluihin. Suomelle on tärkeää, ettei Iran saa kehitettyä ydinasetta eikä maailmaan synny uutta ydinasevaltiota" (Tweet) (in Finnish). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ @alexstubb (June 22, 2025). "The strikes against Iran's nuclear programme are of exceptional scale" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ "World's react to US attacks on Iran". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Wooden, Cindy (June 22, 2025). "'Stop the tragedy of war,' pope says after US bombs Iran". National Catholic Reporter. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ @FM_Szijjarto (June 22, 2025). "Hungary supports all efforts to bring peace to the Middle East as soon as possible" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ @thorgkatrin (June 22, 2025). "Iran's nuclear program is of great concern and we urge the leadership to negotiate in earnest to put an end to it" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ a b "'Everlasting consequences': World reacts to US attacks on Iran". Al Jazeera English. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ @MichealMartinTD (June 22, 2025). "There is an urgent need for de-escalation, dialogue & diplomacy in the Middle East" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Iran, Tajani: "At the moment there are no risks for Italy. A de-escalation is needed"". June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ @EvikaSilina (June 22, 2025). "Iran must never obtain a nuclear weapon" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ @BudrysKestutis (June 22, 2025). "Iran's nuclear ambitions pose an existential threat to #Israel and a grave challenge to international security. Bold #USA actions created an opportunity to return back to the negotiation table and restart talks. We urge Iran to choose peace instead of war" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ Roberts, Duncan (June 22, 2025). "Bettel doubts bombing is solution to Iran nuclear threat". Luxembourg Times. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ a b "World leaders react to US attack on Iran". Reuters. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ @Claudiashein (June 22, 2025). "Un hombre sabio, el papa Francisco, dijo algo que resulta sumamente pertinente en este momento: "La guerra es el mayor fracaso de la humanidad. No hay futuro en la destrucción sino en la fraternidad. La paz no es solo ausencia de guerra es la construcción de la justicia"" [A wise man, Pope Francis, said something that is extremely pertinent at this moment: "War is humanity's greatest failure. There is no future in destruction, but in fraternity. Peace is not only the absence of war; it is the construction of justice."] (Tweet) (in Spanish). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ @MinPres (June 22, 2025). "De laatste ontwikkelingen in het Midden-Oosten zijn zorgwekkend. Wat betreft het nucleaire programma is Nederland altijd duidelijk geweest" (Tweet) (in Dutch). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ "조선민주주의인민공화국 외무성 대변인 이란에 대한 미국의 군사적공격행위를 주권침해와 국제법위반으로 강력히 규탄". Voice of Korea (in Korean). Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- ^ "Statement by Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre on Iran and the war in the Middle East". June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "'Gravely concerned': Pakistan slams US strikes on Iran; day after nominating Trump for Nobel Peace Prize". The Times of India. June 22, 2025. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Paraguay ratifica su apoyo a Israel y acompaña las "acciones" de países aliados" (in Spanish). Ultima Hora. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "DFA Statement on the Latest Developments in the Middle East".
- ^ Dantas, Miguel (June 22, 2025). "Líderes mundiais reagem ao ataque dos EUA contra o Irão: "Não há solução militar"" [World leaders react to USA attack on Iran: "There is no military solution"]. Público (in Portuguese). Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ @MAERomania (June 22, 2025). "Romania has constantly emphasized that Iran's nuclear program is contrary to its international obligations, undermines global nonproliferation regime and is a threat to international security" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Russia's Medvedev: Countries to arm Iran with nuclear warheads". The Jerusalem Post. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ @SlovakiaMFA (June 22, 2025). "Minister J. Blanár: Slovak diplomacy consistently highlights the erosion of international law and its non-compliance at all multilateral forums" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ @vladaRS (June 22, 2025). "Prime Minister Robert Golob: I call on all parties to cease the hostilities and return to the negotiating table" (Tweet). Retrieved June 22, 2025 – via Twitter.
- ^ "MOFA Spokesperson's Commentary on Recent Escalation of Tensions in Middle East". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (South Korea). June 13, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Spanish Government expresses utmost concern about situation in Middle East". June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "How the world is reacting to Israel's attacks on Iran". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Statement by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine on U.S. Strikes Targeting Iran's Nuclear Program". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Zhuang, Yan (June 22, 2025). "World Leaders React to the U.S. Strikes on Iran". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Taylor, Harry; Davidson, Helen; Smee, Ben; Yerushalmy, Jonathan (June 22, 2025). "UK did not take part in US strikes on Iran, minister confirms". The Guardian. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
UK Business secretary Jonathan Reynolds has said the British government was aware of the US' plans to launch airstrikes on Iran, but did not take part.
- ^ Murphy, Matt; Spencer, Thomas; Murray, Alex (June 17, 2025). "US moves 30 jets as Iran attack speculation grows". BBC News. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
Recently, the US has had a squadron of B-2 bombers at its base on the island of Diego Garcia. While the island is some 2,400 miles from Iran's southern coastline, their location on Diego Garcia would put them well within striking range of Iran.
- ^ "David Lammy refuses to say whether US attack on Iran was 'right' or 'legal'". The Independent. June 23, 2025.
- ^ "Cancillería expresó "profunda preocupación" por escalada en conflicto entre EE. UU. e Irán" (in Spanish). Montevideo Portal. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Lederer, Edith (June 22, 2025). "United Nations leader condemns US strikes". Associated Press. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "US bombs Iranian nuclear sites as Trump says Tehran must 'make peace' – follow live". BBC News. June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ O'Connor, Tom (June 21, 2025). "Exclusive: Hezbollah says won't join fight after US attacks Iran". Newsweek. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Moriarty, Dylan; Lamothe, Dan; Strobel, Warren; DeYoung, Karen; Yang, Joshua; Verde, Amaya; Valiño, Álvaro; Kirkpatrick, N. (June 21, 2025). "Israel-Iran live updates: U.S. warplanes carry out 'successful' strikes on three nuclear sites in Iran, Trump says". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 22, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "Trump Bombs Iran: Live Updates". Intelligencer (New York). June 21, 2025. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Barnes, Julian E. (June 22, 2025). "After U.S. Strikes, Iran May Be Determined to Build a Nuclear Weapon". The New York Times. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ Shear, Michael D. (June 22, 2025). "Strike on Iran Casts Doubt on Whether U.S. Was Ever Serious About Talks". The New York Times. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
- ^ "If You Thought Donald Trump Would Never Do This, You're an Idiot". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved June 23, 2025.
- 2025 airstrikes
- 2025 building bombings
- 21st-century history of the United States Air Force
- Airstrikes conducted by the United States
- Airstrikes in Iran
- Attacks on buildings and structures in 2025
- Attacks on government buildings and structures in Iran
- Building bombings in Iran
- History of Isfahan province
- Iran–United States military relations
- Isfahan County
- Israel–United States military relations
- June 2025 in Iran
- Military operations of the Iran–Israel war
- Nuclear program of Iran
- Qom County
- Second Trump administration controversies
- United States Navy in the 21st century
- Natanz County