Portal:Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina	The coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to the north and southwest, with a 20-kilometre-long (12-mile) coast on the Adriatic Sea in the south. Bosnia has a moderate continental climate with hot summers and cold, snowy winters. Its geography is largely mountainous, particularly in the central and eastern regions, which are dominated by the Dinaric Alps. Herzegovina, the smaller, southern region, has a Mediterranean climate and is mostly mountainous. Sarajevo is the capital and the largest city.

The area has been inhabited since at least the Upper Paleolithic, with permanent human settlement traced to the Neolithic cultures of Butmir, Kakanj, and Vučedol. After the arrival of the first Indo-Europeans, the area was populated by several Illyrian and Celtic civilizations. Most of modern Bosnia was incorporated into the Roman province of Dalmatia by the mid first century BCE. The ancestors of the modern South Slavic peoples arrived between the sixth and ninth centuries. In the 12th century, the Banate of Bosnia was established as the first independent Bosnian polity. It gradually evolved and expanded into the Kingdom of Bosnia, which became the most powerful state in the western Balkans by the 14th century. The Ottoman Empire annexed the region in 1463 and introduced Islam. From the late 19th century until World War I, the country was annexed into the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. In the interwar period, Bosnia and Herzegovina was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. After World War II, it was granted full republic status in the newly formed Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. In 1992, following the breakup of Yugoslavia, the republic proclaimed independence. This was followed by the Bosnian War, which lasted until late 1995 and ended with the signing of the Dayton Agreement.

Bosnia has roughly 3.4 million inhabitants, comprised mostly of three main ethnic groups: Bosniaks, who form approximately two-fifths of the population, followed by Serbs at one-third and Croats at one-fifth; minorities include Jews, Roma, Albanians, Montenegrins, Ukrainians and Turks, who are among 17 recognized "national minorities". Bosnia and Herzegovina has a bicameral legislature and a presidency made up of one member from each of the three major ethnic groups. The central government's power is highly limited, as the country is largely decentralized; it comprises two autonomous entities—the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska—and a third unit, the Brčko District, governed by its own local government.

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a developing country. Its economy is dominated by industry and agriculture, followed by tourism and services; tourism has increased significantly in recent years. The country has a social security and universal healthcare system, and primary and secondary education is free. Bosnia and Herzegovina is an EU candidate country and has also been a candidate for NATO membership since April 2010. (Full article...)

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Yugoslavia (/ˌjuːɡoʊˈslɑːviə/; lit. 'Land of the South Slavs') was a country in the Balkans that existed from 1918 to 1992. It came into existence following World War I, under the name of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from the merger of the Kingdom of Serbia with the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and constituted the first union of South Slavic peoples as a sovereign state, following centuries of foreign rule over the region under the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg monarchy.

Under the rule of the House of Karađorđević, the kingdom gained international recognition on 13 July 1922 at the Conference of Ambassadors in Paris and was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia on 3 October 1929. Peter I was the country's first sovereign. Upon his father's death in 1921, Alexander I went on to rule the country through an extended period of political crisis that culminated in the 6 January Dictatorship and, ultimately, his assassination in 1934. Prince Paul headed the state as a prince regent until Alexander's son Peter II was declared of-age, which happened following the Yugoslav coup d'état in March 1941. Alexander I was the longest reigning of the three Yugoslav monarchs. (Full article...)

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General images

The following are images from various Bosnia and Herzegovina-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Bosnian meat platter that contains, among other things, ćevapi, which is considered the national dish of Bosnia and Herzegovina (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 2Iron Age cult carriage from Banjani, near Sokolac (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 3Gimnazija Mostar in Mostar (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 4The Jahorina Ski Resort, a 1984 Winter Olympics venue, is the biggest and most popular ski resort in Bosnia and Herzegovina (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 5Illustration from the French magazine Le Petit Journal on the Bosnian Crisis: Bulgaria declares its independence and its prince Ferdinand is named Tsar, Austria-Hungary, in the person of Franz Joseph, annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina, while the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II looks on helplessly (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 62nd c. Roman glass from Bosanski Novi (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 7The railway bridge over the Neretva River in Jablanica, twice destroyed during the 1943 Case White offensive (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 8Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team, 2016 (from Culture of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 9Coat of Arms of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 10Austro-Hungarian troops enter Sarajevo, 1878 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 11The Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 12Administrative division of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina. (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 13The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg by Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo, 28 June 1914 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 14National and University Library in Sarajevo (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 15Hval's Codex, illustrated Slavic manuscript from medieval Bosnia (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 16The Mostar Bridge was commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent in 1557 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 17The Banate in 1373, shortly before its elevation to kingdom (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 18People of Sarajevo in 1883 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 19Bosnian and Herzegovinian Partisans flag (1941-1945) (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 20"Keep/Protect Yugoslavia" (Čuvajte Jugoslaviju), a variant of the alleged last words of King Alexander I, in an illustration of Yugoslav peoples dancing the kolo (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 21Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina during Habsburg times. (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 22The Bosnia Eyalet in 1683 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 23Kingdom of Bosnia 1377-1463 (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 24Stećci from Radimlja, near Stolac (13th century) (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 25Vedran Smailović, the cellist of Sarajevo. (from Culture of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 26The Avaz Twist Tower in Sarajevo, the tallest building in Bosnia and Herzegovina (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 27Territorial evolution of the Bosnian Kingdom (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 28UN troops in front of the Executive Council Building, burned after being struck by tank fire during the siege of Sarajevo, 1995 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 29Ban Kulin stone engraving with Bosnian Cyrillic (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 30Bosnian ćevapi with onions in a somun. (from Culture of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 31Bosniaks dancing a traditional kolo (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 32Bosnia in the Middle Ages spanning the Banate of Bosnia and the succeeding Kingdom of Bosnia (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 33Ivo Andrić with his wife Milica, upon learning he had won the Nobel Prize in Literature (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 34Tuzla government building burning after anti-government clashes on 7 February 2014 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 35Počitelj Citadel in Čapljina, built by King Tvrtko I of Bosnia in 1383. (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 36Dissolution of Yugoslavia (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 37Sarajevo International Airport (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 38Serbs from Bosanska Krajina in traditional clothing (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 39Ethnic structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013, Green for Bosniaks, Orange for Croats and Blue for Serbs (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 40The Asim Ferhatović Hase Stadium in Sarajevo hosted the opening ceremony of the 1984 Winter Olympics (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 41Bosnia within the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), 1942 (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 42Bosnia and Herzegovina's flag while part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 43A lamb roast and "kolo" (circle) dancing - Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1895 (from Culture of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 44Željko Komšić, Croat member of the Bosnian Presidency, and Hillary Clinton, U.S. Secretary of State, 13 December 2011 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 45Alija Izetbegović during his visit to the United States in 1997. (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 46Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH), Republika Srpska (RS) and Brčko District (BD) (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 47Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 48Eternal flame memorial to military and civilian World War II victims in Sarajevo (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 49Mogorjelo, an ancient Roman suburban Villa Rustica from the 4th century, near Čapljina (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 50Tuzla government building burning after anti-government clashes on 7 February 2014 (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 51BHRT headquarters in Sarajevo (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 52Edin Džeko playing for Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2015 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 53Estimated development of real GDP per capita of Bosnia and Herzegovina, since 1952 (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 54"Keep/Protect Yugoslavia" (Čuvajte Jugoslaviju), a variant of the alleged last words of King Alexander, in an illustration of Yugoslav peoples dancing the kolo. (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 55Coat of arms of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 56Ottoman Bosnia - flag from 1878 (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 57Coat of arms of the Banate of Bosnia (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 58The Emperor's Mosque is the first mosque to be built (1457) after the Ottoman conquest of Bosnia. (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 59The University of Sarajevo's Faculty of Law (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 60Ledger stone to Queen Catherine of Bosnia, the last queen of the House of Kosača. (from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Image 61The Herzegovina Uprising of 1875–77 (from History of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

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... that Teodora Krajewska, one of the first female physicians in Bosnia-Herzegovina, rode a pony to visit her patients in remote mountain villages?

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Seal of Elizabeth, naming her "by the grace of God queen of Hungary, Dalmatia, and Croatia"

Elizabeth of Bosnia (Serbo-Croatian: Elizabeta Kotromanić/Јелисавета Котроманић; Hungarian: Kotromanics Erzsébet; Polish: Elżbieta Bośniaczka; c. 1339 – January 1387) was queen consort of Hungary and Croatia, and queen consort of Poland, and, after becoming widowed, the regent of Hungary and Croatia between 1382 and 1385 and in 1386.

Daughter of Ban Stephen II of Bosnia, Elizabeth became Queen of Hungary upon marrying King Louis I the Great in 1353. In 1370, she gave birth to a long-anticipated heir, Catherine, and became Queen of Poland when Louis ascended the Polish throne. The royal couple had two more daughters, Mary and Hedwig, but Catherine died in 1378. Initially a consort with no substantial influence, Elizabeth then started surrounding herself with noblemen loyal to her, led by her favourite, Nicholas I Garai. When Louis died in 1382, Mary succeeded him with Elizabeth as regent. Unable to preserve the personal union of Hungary and Poland, Elizabeth secured the Polish throne for her youngest daughter, Hedwig. (Full article...)

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Edin Osmanović Alija Izetbegović Ivo Andrić Tvrtko I of Bosnia Dobroslav Jevđević Maria of Serbia, Queen of Bosnia Gavrilo Princip Catherine of Bosnia Tvrtko I of Bosnia Petar Baćović Thomas of Bosnia Petar Kočić Jezdimir Dangić Marija Bursać Ismet Popovac Mladen Stojanović Michael of Zahumlje Mladen Lorković

Did you know (auto-generated)

... that weightlifter Mehmed Skender was manning a machine gun when asked to join Bosnia and Herzegovina's first Olympic team?
... that Ivan Ančić was the first Bosnian Franciscan to use the Latin script to write in his native language?
... that swimmer Anja Margetić refused to participate at the Mediterranean Games after learning she would not be able to compete under the flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina?
... that Bosnian sitting volleyball players Sabahudin Delalić, Ismet Godinjak, Adnan Manko, Asim Medić, and Dževad Hamzić have won medals at every Paralympics this century?
... that Miroslav Kvočka was convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity against non-Serb detainees in the Omarska concentration camp during the Bosnian War?

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This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly by JL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it is tagged (e.g. {{WikiProject Bosnia and Herzegovina}}) or categorized correctly and wait for the next update. See WP:RECOG for configuration options.