Pygopristis
| Pygopristis | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Characiformes |
| Family: | Serrasalmidae |
| Subfamily: | Serrasalminae |
| Genus: | Pygopristis J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844 |
| Species: | P. denticulata
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| Binomial name | |
| Pygopristis denticulata (G. Cuvier, 1819)
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| Synonyms | |
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Pygopristis denticulata, also known as the lobetoothed piranha, is a species of piranha.[2] It is a rare South American characiform fish found in the Orinoco River basin, rivers of the northern and eastern Guiana Shield, and tributaries of the lower Amazon River.[3] Like other piranhas, it is found in freshwater,[2] with specimens of this species typically found in acidic clearwater or blackwater environments. Despite their ferocious reputation, many piranhas have broader diets;[2] this species feeds on the scales of other fish as juveniles,[4] but transitions to a broader diet of aquatic insects, small fish, and fruits as adults.[5]
Biology
[edit]P. denticulata grows to about 20 cm (7.9 in) in total length.[3] It has 62 chromosomes.[6]P. denticulata has pentacuspid teeth and a middle cusp that is usually only slightly larger than the other cusps. This is unlike other piranhas, which have tricuspid teeth with a larger middle cusp, making the teeth appear triangular.[6]
Taxonomy
[edit]Within the family Serrasalmidae, P. denticulata is more closely related to Catoprion than it is to the majority of species traditionally considered true piranhas.[6]
Gallery
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Juvenile -
Dentition
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References
[edit]- ^ Brejão, G.L. (2024). "Pygopristis denticulata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024: e.T164537816A164537834. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T164537816A164537834.en. Retrieved 22 May 2025.
- ^ a b c Fink, William L. (1989-01-01). "Ontogeny and phylogeny of shape and diet in the South American fishes called piranhas". Geobios. Ontogenèse Et Évolution. 22: 167–172. Bibcode:1989Geobi..22..167F. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(89)80017-8. ISSN 0016-6995.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Pygopristis denticulata". FishBase. July 2007 version.
- ^ Kolmann, Matthew A.; Huie, Jonathan M.; Evans, Kory; Summers, Adam P. (January 2018). "Specialized specialists and the narrow niche fallacy: a tale of scale-feeding fishes". Royal Society Open Science. 5 (1): 171581. doi:10.1098/rsos.171581. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 5792939. PMID 29410862.
- ^ Machado-Allison, A.; W. Fink (1996). Los Peces Caribes de Venezuela. Diagnosis, claves, aspectos ecológicos y evolutivos. (Colección Monografías). Caracas: Universidad Central de Venezuela, CDCV. ISBN 980-00-0967-1.
- ^ a b c Freeman, Barbie; Nico, Leo G.; Osentoski, Matthew; Jelks, Howard L.; Collins, Timothy M. (2007). "Molecular systematics of Serrasalmidae: Deciphering the identities of piranha species and unraveling their evolutionary histories" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1484: 1–38. doi:10.1046/j.1439-0469.2000.384132.x.
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