Simon Pasternack
Simon Pasternack | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1914 |
| Died | January 26, 1976 (aged 61–62) |
| Alma mater | University of Alberta CalTech (PhD) |
| Known for | Pasternack effect Bateman–Pasternack polynomials Kramers–Pasternack recursion relation |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics |
| Institutions | Brookhaven National Laboratory |
| Thesis | Transition Probabilities of Forbidden Lines (1939) |
| Doctoral advisor | William V. Houston |
Simon Pasternack (1914–January 26, 1976) was a North American theoretical physicist and editor of Physical Review.[1] He is known for the Pasternack effect in the spectrum of hydrogen, which later became known as the Lamb shift. Kramers–Pasternack recursion relations for the fine structure and Bateman–Pasternack polynomials are also named after him.
Life
[edit]Pasternack graduated from University of Alberta, and obtained a PhD from California Institute of Technology in 1939.[2] His thesis was titled "Transition Probabilities of Forbidden Lines" and his doctoral advisor was William V. Houston.[3]
He held teaching positions in San Bernardino Valley College and University of Pennsylvania, until joining the staff he joined the Brookhaven National Laboratory from 1947 to 1951.[4]
He was also chairman of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP),[2] and editor of Physical Review from 1951.[1][4] He shared the editorial board with Samuel Goudsmit as editor-in-chief, Pasternack being assistant editor.[5][6][a] During this time, Pasternack and Goudsmit are known for having rejected Theodore Maiman's 1960 publication of the first working laser.[7][8]
He had a son and two daughters.[2] He died from a heart attack in 1976 in Blue Point, New York.[1][2]
Research
[edit]During his thesis, Pasternack worked on the fine structure of hydrogen. He came up in 1937[9] with a mathematical relation now know as Kramers–Pasternack recursion relation, named after him and Hans Kramers, who independently discovered them a year later.[10]
During this time, he also theorized a new effect given a discrepancy between the predictions of the fine structure and the 1934 measurements by Robley C. Williams and Roswell Clifton Gibbs of the 2s level,[11] which he published in 1938.[4][12][13] This effect became known as the Pasternack effect.[14] The effect was measured precisely by Willis Lamb and Robert Retherford in 1947 and became known as the Lamb shift. This discovery led to the development of quantum electrodynamics.[4]
In 1939, he generalized the mathematical work of Harry Bateman, introducing what is now known as Bateman–Pasternack polynomials.[15][16]
Pasternack also worked in radiation and neutron scattering.[4] His last paper in 1963 was on hydrogen-like wavefunctions,[17] but after that Pasternack dedicated himself exclusively to editor duties.[4]
Honors and awards
[edit]In 1999, two American Physical Society Editorial Offices was named after Goudsmit and Pasternack for their editorial work.[5]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Frazer, B. C.; Tucker, R. H.; Adams, P. D.; Barschall, H. H.; Dreiss, G. J.; Weiss, M. S.; Nordstrom, D.; Brown, Stanley G.; Krumhansl, J. A.; Trigg, George L.; Wells, Gene L. (1976-02-09). "Simon Pasternack 1914-1976". Physical Review Letters. 36 (6): 283–284. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.36.283.
- ^ a b c d "Dr. Simon Pasternack. 61. Physicist. Journalist. Dies". The New York Times. 1976-01-29. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-06-12.
- ^ Pasternack, Simon (1939). Transition Probabilities of Forbidden Lines (phd thesis). California Institute of Technology.
- ^ a b c d e f Goudsmit, Samuel A. (1976-04-01). "Simon Pasternack". Physics Today. 29 (4): 87–88. doi:10.1063/1.3023452. ISSN 0031-9228.
- ^ a b "Elbow Room at the APS Editorial Office". www.aps.org. Retrieved 2025-06-13.
- ^ a b Hartman, Paul (1994). A Memoir on The Physical Review: A History of the First Hundred Years. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-56396-282-0.
- ^ "The first laser". press.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2025-06-12.
- ^ Maiman, Theodore H. (2018). "The Laser Inventor". Springer Biographies. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61940-8. ISSN 2365-0613.
- ^ Pasternack, Simon (1937). "On the Mean Value of rs for Keplerian Systems". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 23 (2): 91–94. ISSN 0027-8424.
- ^ Bertlmann, Reinhold; Bertlmann, Reinhold A.; Friis, Nicolai (2023). Modern Quantum Theory: From Quantum Mechanics to Entanglement and Quantum Information. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-968333-8.
- ^ Williams, R. C.; Gibbs, R. C. (1934-04-01). "A Slight Correction to the Rydberg Constant for ${\mathrm{H}}^{1}$". Physical Review. 45 (7): 491–491. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.45.491.
- ^ Pasternack, Simon (1938-12-15). "Note on the Fine Structure of $\mathrm{H}\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and $\mathrm{D}\ensuremath{\alpha}$". Physical Review. 54 (12): 1113–1113. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.54.1113.
- ^ Mehra, Jagdish (2001-02-28). Golden Age Of Theoretical Physics, The (Boxed Set Of 2 Vols). World Scientific. ISBN 978-981-4492-85-0.
- ^ Milton, K. A.; Mehra, Jagdish (2000). Climbing the Mountain: The Scientific Biography of Julian Schwinger. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-852745-9.
- ^ Srivastava, H. M. (2019-11-20). Integral Transforms and Operational Calculus. MDPI. ISBN 978-3-03921-618-5.
- ^ Pasternack, Simon (1939-08-01). "XVII. A generalization of the polynomial Fn (x)". The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. 28 (187): 209–226. doi:10.1080/14786443908521175. ISSN 1941-5982.
- ^ Pasternack, S.; Sternheimer, R. M. (1962-11-01). "An Orthogonality Property of Hydrogenlike Radial Functions". Journal of Mathematical Physics. 3 (6): 1280. doi:10.1063/1.1703871. ISSN 0022-2488.