Soyuz-FG

Soyuz-FG
	The launch of Soyuz TMA-3 atop a Soyuz-FG rocket.
Function	Medium-lift launch vehicle
Manufacturer	RKTs Progress
Country of origin	Russia
Cost per launch	773,600,000 ₽ (2012)
Size
Height	51 m (167 ft)
Diameter	2.7–3.715 m (8.86–12.19 ft)
Mass	310,000–313,000 kg (683,000–690,000 lb)
Stages	FG: 3; FG/Fregat: 4;
Capacity
Payload to LEO
Altitude	200 km (120 mi)
Orbital inclination	51.8°
Mass	FG: 6,900 kg (15,200 lb); FG/Fregat: 7,800 kg (17,200 lb)[citation needed];
Associated rockets
Family	R-7 (Soyuz)
Based on	Soyuz-U
Derivative work	Soyuz-2
Launch history
Status	Retired
Launch sites	Baikonur, LC-1/5 and LC-31/6
Total launches	70:; FG: 60; FG/Fregat: 10;
Success(es)	69
Failure(s)	1 (Soyuz MS-10)
First flight	20 May 2001 (Progress M1-6)
Last flight	25 September 2019 (Soyuz MS-15)
Carries passengers or cargo	Soyuz-TMA; Soyuz-MS; Progress; Venus Express;
Boosters (First stage) – Block B, V, G & D
Height	19.6 m (64 ft)
Diameter	2.68 m (8 ft 10 in)
Empty mass	3,800 kg (8,400 lb)
Gross mass	43,400 kg (95,700 lb)
Propellant mass	40,350 kg (88,960 lb)
Powered by	1 × RD-107A
Maximum thrust	SL: 838.5 kN (188,500 lbf); vac: 1,021.3 kN (229,600 lbf);
Specific impulse	SL: 263.3 s (2.582 km/s); vac: 320.2 s (3.140 km/s);
Burn time	118 seconds
Propellant	LOX / RG-1
Second stage (core) – Block A
Height	27.1 m (89 ft)
Diameter	2.95 m (9 ft 8 in)
Empty mass	6,550 kg (14,440 lb)
Gross mass	99,500 kg (219,400 lb)
Propellant mass	92,600 kg (204,100 lb)
Powered by	1 × RD-108A
Maximum thrust	SL: 792.41 kN (178,140 lbf); vac: 921.86 kN (207,240 lbf);
Specific impulse	SL: 257.7 s (2.527 km/s); vac: 320.6 s (3.144 km/s);
Burn time	286 seconds
Propellant	LOX / RG-1
Third stage – Block I
Height	6.7 m (22 ft)
Diameter	2.66 m (8 ft 9 in)
Empty mass	2,410 kg (5,310 lb)
Gross mass	25,300 kg (55,800 lb)
Propellant mass	22,800 kg (50,300 lb)
Powered by	1 × RD-0110
Maximum thrust	297.93 kN (66,980 lbf)
Specific impulse	326 s (3.20 km/s)
Burn time	230 seconds
Propellant	LOX / RG-1
Fourth stage (optional) – Fregat
Height	1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)
Diameter	3.35 m (11.0 ft)
Empty mass	930 kg (2,050 lb)
Propellant mass	5,250 kg (11,570 lb)
Powered by	1 × S5.92
Maximum thrust	19.85 kN (4,460 lbf)
Specific impulse	333.2 s (3.268 km/s)
Burn time	Up to 1,100 seconds (up to 20 starts)
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
	[edit on Wikidata]

The Soyuz-FG was an improved variant of the Soyuz-U launch vehicle from the R-7 rocket family, developed by the Progress Rocket Space Centre in Samara, Russia. It featured upgraded first and second stage engines, RD-107A and RD-108A, respectively, with enhanced injector heads that improved combustion efficiency and specific impulse. The designation "FG" refers to forsunochnaya golovka (injector head) in Russian.^[1]

Soyuz-FG made its maiden flight on 20 May 2001, delivering a Progress cargo spacecraft to the International Space Station (ISS). It became the primary vehicle for launching crewed Soyuz TMA, Soyuz TMA-M, and Soyuz MS spacecraft from 2002 until its retirement in 2019.^[7]

Launches occurred from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan: crewed missions from Gagarin's Start (Site 1/5) and satellite launches from Site 31/6.

Design

Soyuz-FG was introduced in May 2001 as a transitional solution while the more advanced Soyuz-2 was still in development. Development of the upgraded RD-107A (boosters) and RD-108A (core) engines outpaced the rest of the Soyuz-2 rocket. The availability of the upgraded engines allowed their early use on Soyuz-FG, while Soyuz-U continued using existing engine stockpiles.^[1]

The RD-107A and RD-108A engines, replaced the older RD-107 and RD-108 units, switching from 260 two-component centrifugal injectors to over 1,000 one-component injectors. This refinement enabled more complete propellant combustion, reduced high-frequency vibrations in combustion chambers, and improved specific impulse by 5 seconds (0.049 km/s), a five percent improvement, which allowed for a payload increase of 250 to 300 kilograms (550 to 660 lb).^[1]^[8]

For uncrewed missions, Soyuz-FG could fly with a Fregat upper stage, built by Lavochkin in Khimki. The first flight of this configuration took place on 2 June 2003, with a total of ten such launches marketed by the European-Russian company Starsem.^[4]

Soyuz-FG flew 70 times, with one failure on 11 October 2018 during the launch of Soyuz MS-10. A faulty sensor led to a booster collision with the core stage shortly after liftoff, triggering an emergency abort. The crew—NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Russian cosmonaut Aleksey Ovchinin—safely returned to Earth.^[9]

Following the MS-15 launch on 25 September 2019, Soyuz-FG was retired in favor of the fully digital Soyuz-2, which offers more precise guidance and greater mission flexibility.^[1]

Launch history

Date and time (UTC)	Configuration	Serial number	Launch site	Result	Payload	Remarks
20 May 2001 22:32	Soyuz-FG	К15000-001	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Progress M1-6	ISS resupply
26 November 2001 18:24	Soyuz-FG	Ф15000-002	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Progress M1-7	ISS resupply Kolibri 2000
25 September 2002 16:58	Soyuz-FG	Э15000-003	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Progress M1-9	ISS resupply
30 October 2002 16:58	Soyuz-FG	Э15000-004	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-1	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS escape craft
26 April 2003 03:53	Soyuz-FG	Э15000-006	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-2	Crewed flight with 2 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 7
2 June 2003 18:24	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	Э15000-005/ ST-11	Baikonur LC-31/6	Success	Mars Express^[10]	Mars orbiter
2 June 2003 18:24	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	Э15000-005/ ST-11	Baikonur LC-31/6	Success	Beagle 2	Mars lander Spacecraft failed after landing
18 October 2003 05:38	Soyuz-FG	Д15000-007	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-3	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 8
27 December 2003 21:30	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	Д15000-008/ ST-12	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	AMOS-2	Communications satellite
19 April 2004 05:19	Soyuz-FG	Ж15000-009	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-4	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 9
14 October 2004 03:06	Soyuz-FG	Ж15000-012	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-5	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 10
15 April 2005 00:46	Soyuz-FG	Ж15000-014	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-6	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 11
13 August 2005 23:28	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	Ж15000-011/ ST-13	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	Galaxy 14	Communications satellite
1 October 2005 03:54	Soyuz-FG	П15000-017	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-7	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 12
9 November 2005 03:33	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	Ж15000-010/ ST-14	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	Venus Express	Venus orbiter
28 December 2005 05:19	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	П15000-015/ ST-15	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	GIOVE-A	Navigation satellite
30 March 2006 02:30	Soyuz-FG	П15000-018	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-8	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 13
18 September 2006 04:08	Soyuz-FG	Ц15000-023	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-9	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 14
7 April 2007 17:31	Soyuz-FG	Ц15000-019	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-10	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 15
29 May 2007 20:31	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	Ц15000-021	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	Globalstar × 4	Communications satellites
10 October 2007 13:22 [1]	Soyuz-FG	Ц15000-020	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-11	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 16
20 October 2007 20:12	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	Ц15000-022	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	Globalstar × 4	Communications satellites
14 December 2007 13:17	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	Ц15000-025	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	RADARSAT-2	Earth observation
8 April 2008 11:16	Soyuz-FG	Ш15000-024	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-12	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 17 First South Korean in space.
26 April 2008 22:16	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	П15000-016	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	GIOVE-B	Navigation satellite
12 October 2008 07:01	Soyuz-FG	Ш15000-026	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-13	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 18
26 March 2009 11:49	Soyuz-FG	Ю15000-027	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-14	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 19
27 May 2009 10:34 [2]	Soyuz-FG	Ю15000-030	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-15	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 20
30 September 2009 07:14	Soyuz-FG	Б15000-029	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-16	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 21
20 December 2009 21:52	Soyuz-FG	Б15000-031	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-17	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 22
2 April 2010 04:04	Soyuz-FG	Ю15000-028	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-18	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 23
15 June 2010 21:35	Soyuz-FG	Б15000-032	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-19	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 24
7 October 2010 23:10	Soyuz-FG	Б15000-035	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-01M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 25
15 December 2010 19:09	Soyuz-FG	Б15000-034	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-20	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 26
4 April 2011 22:18	Soyuz-FG	И15000-036	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-21	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 27
7 June 2011 20:12	Soyuz-FG	И15000-037	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-02M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 28
14 November 2011 04:14	Soyuz-FG	И15000-038	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-22	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 29
21 December 2011 13:16	Soyuz-FG	Л15000-039	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-03M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 30/31
15 May 2012 03:01	Soyuz-FG	Л15000-041	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-04M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 31/32
15 July 2012 02:40	Soyuz-FG	Л15000-042	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-05M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 32/33
22 July 2012 06:41	Soyuz-FG/Fregat	Б15000-033	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	Kanopus-V №1 BelKA-2 Zond-PP TET-1 exactView 1	Earth observation and technology demonstration satellites
23 October 2012 10:51	Soyuz-FG	Л15000-044	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	Soyuz TMA-06M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 33/34
19 December 2012 12:12	Soyuz-FG	Л15000-040	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-07M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 34/35
28 March 2013 20:43	Soyuz-FG	Е15000-043	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-08M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 35/36
28 May 2013 20:31	Soyuz-FG	Е15000-045	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-09M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 36/37
25 September 2013 20:58	Soyuz-FG	Е15000-046	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-10M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 37/38
7 November 2013 04:14	Soyuz-FG	Т15000-048	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-11M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 38/39
25 March 2014 21:17	Soyuz-FG	Т15000-047	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-12M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 39/40
28 May 2014 19:57	Soyuz-FG	Т15000-049	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-13M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 40/41
25 September 2014 20:25	Soyuz-FG	Т15000-050	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-14M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 41/42
23 November 2014 21:01	Soyuz-FG	T15000-051	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	Soyuz TMA-15M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 42/43
27 March 2015 19:42	Soyuz-FG	G15000-053	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-16M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 43/44
22 July 2015 21:03	Soyuz-FG	G15000-052	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-17M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 44/45
2 September 2015 04:38	Soyuz-FG	G15000-054	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-18M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 45/46
15 December 2015 11:03	Soyuz-FG	G15000-055	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-19M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 46/47
18 March 2016 21:26	Soyuz-FG	R15000-057	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz TMA-20M	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 47/48
7 July 2016 01:36	Soyuz-FG	R15000-056	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-01	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 48/49
19 October 2016 08:05	Soyuz-FG	R15000-059	Baikonur, Site 31/6	Success	Soyuz MS-02	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 49/50
17 November 2016 20:20	Soyuz-FG	R15000-060	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-03	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 50/51
20 April 2017 07:13	Soyuz-FG	U15000-065	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-04	Crewed flight with 2 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 51/52
28 July 2017 15:40	Soyuz-FG	R15000-058	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-05	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 52/53
12 September 2017 21:17	Soyuz-FG	U15000-063	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-06	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 53/54
17 December 2017 07:21	Soyuz-FG	R15000-061	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-07	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 54/55
21 March 2018 17:44	Soyuz-FG	N15000-066	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-08	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 55/56
6 June 2018 11:12	Soyuz-FG	U15000-064	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-09	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 56/57
11 October 2018 08:40	Soyuz-FG	N15000-062	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Failure	Soyuz MS-10	Crewed flight with 2 cosmonauts Planned for ISS Expedition 57 Aborted during ascent, crew landed safely.
16 November 2018 18:14	Soyuz-FG	N15000-068	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Progress MS-10	ISS resupply
3 December 2018 11:31	Soyuz-FG	N15000-067	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-11	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 57/58/59
14 March 2019 19:14	Soyuz-FG	N15000-070	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-12	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 59/60
20 July 2019 16:28	Soyuz-FG	N15000-069	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-13	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 60/61
25 September 2019^[11] 13:57:43	Soyuz-FG	N15000-071	Baikonur, Site 1/5	Success	Soyuz MS-15	Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts ISS Expedition 61/62 Last flight of Soyuz-FG variant, to be replaced by Soyuz-2 for future crewed missions.

Notes

^ This is a transliteration of the second thorough fifth letters of the Cyrillic alphabet (Б, В, Г, Д). The English translation is Block B, C, D and E.^[5]

References

McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 28 March 2013.
McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 28 March 2013.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Zak, Anatoly; Chabot, Alain (25 September 2019). "Soyuz-FG". RussianSpaceWeb.com. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
^ "SOYUZ-FG Launch Vehicle". TsSKB-Progress. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
^ Krebs, Gunter. "Soyuz-FG (11A511U-FG)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
^ ^a ^b Krebs, Gunter. "Soyuz-FG Fregat (11A511U-FG)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c "ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ КОСМИЧЕСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО (РОСКОСМОС)". www.federalspace.ru. Archived from the original on 28 April 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
^ Конструкция разгонного блока "Фрегат". NPO Lavochkin (in Russian). Archived from the original on 26 December 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
^ Zak, Anatoly. "Soyuz-FG's long road to retirement". Russian Space Web. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
^ "ЖРД РД-107 и РД-108 и их модификации" [RD-107 and RD-108 and their modifications] (in Russian). Retrieved 11 May 2025.
^ Berger, Eric (1 November 2018). "Dramatic footage of Soyuz accident shows rocket booster collision – For the second human launch in a row, there's a likely quality control issue". Ars Technica. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
^ "Soyuz FG". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007.
^ Источник: Россия отправит к МКС семь кораблей и модуль "Наука" в 2019 году [Russia plans to send seven missions to ISS in 2019 including Nauka module] (in Russian). Novosti kosmonavtiki. 1 October 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018.

External links

[6] This is a transliteration of the second thorough fifth letters of the Cyrillic alphabet (Б, В, Г, Д). The English translation is Block B, C, D and E.^[5]

[Zak_2019-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Zak, Anatoly; Chabot, Alain (25 September 2019). "Soyuz-FG". RussianSpaceWeb.com. Retrieved 12 November 2024.

[samspace-fg-2] "SOYUZ-FG Launch Vehicle". TsSKB-Progress. Retrieved 1 April 2016.

[gunter-soyuz-fg-3] Krebs, Gunter. "Soyuz-FG (11A511U-FG)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 4 December 2018.

[gunter-soyuz-fg-fregat-4] Krebs, Gunter. "Soyuz-FG Fregat (11A511U-FG)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2 April 2016.

[roscosmos-soyuz-fg-5] "ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ КОСМИЧЕСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО (РОСКОСМОС)". www.federalspace.ru. Archived from the original on 28 April 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2016.

[lavochkin-fregat-7] Конструкция разгонного блока "Фрегат". NPO Lavochkin (in Russian). Archived from the original on 26 December 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2016.

[Zak_retirement-8] Zak, Anatoly. "Soyuz-FG's long road to retirement". Russian Space Web. Retrieved 19 October 2017.

[lprd-rd1073-9] "ЖРД РД-107 и РД-108 и их модификации" [RD-107 and RD-108 and their modifications] (in Russian). Retrieved 11 May 2025.

[AT-20181101-10] Berger, Eric (1 November 2018). "Dramatic footage of Soyuz accident shows rocket booster collision – For the second human launch in a row, there's a likely quality control issue". Ars Technica. Retrieved 1 November 2018.

[11] "Soyuz FG". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007.

[nk-20181001-12] Источник: Россия отправит к МКС семь кораблей и модуль "Наука" в 2019 году [Russia plans to send seven missions to ISS in 2019 including Nauka module] (in Russian). Novosti kosmonavtiki. 1 October 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018.

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v t e Soviet and Russian launch vehicles
Active	Angara 1.2 A5 Soyuz-2 2.1a 2.1b UR Proton-M
In development	Amur Irtysh Yenisei
Retired	Dnepr Energia Kosmos 1 2I 3 3M N1 R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original L M U U2 FG 2.1v Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna Start-1 Tsyklon original 2 3 UR UR-500 Proton-K Rokot Strela Zenit 2 2M 3SL 3SLB 3F
Cancelled (no launch attempts)	Tsyklon-4 Proton Light Medium

v t e Orbital launch systems
List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems
Current	Angara 1.2 A5 Ariane 6 Atlas V Ceres 1 1S Chollima-1 Electron Falcon 9 Block 5 Falcon Heavy Firefly Alpha Gravity-1 GSLV H-IIA H3 Hyperbola-1 Jielong 1 3 KAIROS^† Kaituozhe 2 Kinetica 1 Kuaizhou 1 1A 11 Long March 2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 5B 6 6A 6C 7 7A 8 11 11H 12 LVM3 Minotaur I IV V C New Glenn Nuri OS-M1^† Pegasus XL Proton-M PSLV Qaem 100 Qased Shavit 2 Simorgh SLS Block 1 Soyuz-2 2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB Spectrum^† SSLV Starship Tianlong-2 Unha Vega C Vulcan Centaur Zhuque 2
In development	Antares 330 Bloostar Blue Whale 1 Cyclone-4M Deca Eclipse Epsilon S Eris Gravity-2 HANBIT-NANO Hyperbola-2 Irtysh KSLV-III Kuaizhou 21 31 Long March 9 10 Miura 5 Neutron New Line 1 NGLV Nova OS-M 2 4 Orbex Prime Pallas-1 Red Dwarf RFA One SLS Block 1B Block 2 Soyuz-7 Terran R Tianlong-3 VLM Vega E Zero Zhuque 3 Zuljanah
Retired	Antares 110 120 130^† 230 230+ Ariane 1 2 3 4 5 ASLV Athena I II Atlas B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able^† Agena Centaur Black Arrow Conestoga^† Delta A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 II III IV IV Heavy Diamant Dnepr Energia Epsilon Europa I^† II^† Falcon 1 Falcon 9 v1.0 v1.1 v1.2 "Full Thrust" Feng Bao 1 GSLV Mk I H-I H-II H-IIB Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos original 1 2/2I 3 3M Lambda 4S LauncherOne Long March 1 1D^† 2A 2E 3 3B 4A Mu 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V N1^† N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan^† Pilot-2^† R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original FG L M U U2 2-1v Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna^† Rocket 3 RS1^† Safir 1 1A 1B Saturn I IB V Scout X-1 Blue Scout II^† X-2^† X-2M X-3 X-3M X-4 X-2B^† B A B-1 D-1 A-1 E-1 F-1 G-1 Shavit original 1 SLV Space Shuttle SPARK^† Sparta SS-520 Start-1 Terran 1^† Thor Able Ablestar 1 2 Agena A B D Burner 1 2 Delta DSV-2U Thorad-Agena SLV-2G SLV-2H Titan II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV Tsyklon R-36-O original 2 3 Universal Rocket UR-500 Proton Proton-K Rokot Strela Vanguard Vega original VLS-1^† Zenit 2 2M 2FG 3SL 3SLB 3F Zhuque 1^†
Classes	Sounding rocket Small-lift launch vehicle Medium-lift launch vehicle Heavy-lift launch vehicle Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
This template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future Symbol ^† indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)

Design

Launch history

See also

Notes

References

External links