Template:Infobox iodine

Permanently protected template
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Iodine, 53I
Iodine
Pronunciation/ˈədn, -dɪn, -dn/ (EYE-ə-dyne, -⁠din, -⁠deen)
Appearancelustrous metallic gray solid, black/violet liquid, violet gas
Standard atomic weight Ar°(I)
Iodine in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Br

I

At
telluriumiodinexenon
Atomic number (Z)53
Groupgroup 17 (halogens)
Periodperiod 5
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 18, 7
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point(I2) 386.85 K ​(113.7 °C, ​236.66 °F)
Boiling point(I2) 457.4 K ​(184.3 °C, ​363.7 °F)
Density (at 20° C)4.944 g/cm3[3]
Triple point386.65 K, ​12.1 kPa
Critical point819 K, 11.7 MPa
Heat of fusion(I2) 15.52 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization(I2) 41.57 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity(I2) 54.44 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure (rhombic)
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 260 282 309 342 381 457
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−1, 0, +1, +2,[4] +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (a strongly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.66
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1008.4 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1845.9 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3180 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius139±3 pm
Van der Waals radius198 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of iodine
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurebase-centered orthorhombic (oS8)
Lattice constants
Base-centered orthorhombic crystal structure for iodine
a = 725.79 pm
b = 478.28 pm
c = 982.38 pm (at 20 °C)[3]
Thermal expansion74.9×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[a]
Thermal conductivity0.449 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity1.3×107 Ω⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[5]
Molar magnetic susceptibility−88.7×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[6]
Bulk modulus7.7 GPa
CAS Number7553-56-2
History
Discovery and first isolationBernard Courtois (1811)
Isotopes of iodine
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
123I synth 13 h β+100% 123Te
124I synth 4.176 d ε 124Te
125I synth 59.40 d ε 125Te
127I 100% stable
129I trace 1.57×107 y β 129Xe
131I synth 8.02070 d β100% 131Xe
135I synth 6.57 h β 135Xe
 Category: Iodine
| references
I · Iodine
Te ←

ibox Te

iso
53
I  [e]
IB-I [e]
IBisos [e]
→ Xe

ibox Xe

indexes by PT (page)
child table, as reused in {IB-I}
Main isotopes of iodine
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
123I synth 13 h β+100% 123Te
124I synth 4.176 d ε 124Te
125I synth 59.40 d ε 125Te
127I 100% stable
129I trace 1.57×107 y β 129Xe
131I synth 8.02070 d β100% 131Xe
135I synth 6.57 h β 135Xe
Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01)
See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (44) · (this table: )

Notes

  1. ^ The thermal expansion of crystalline iodine is anisotropic: the parameters (at 20 °C) for each axis are αa = 86.5×10−6/K, αb = 126×10−6/K, αc = 12.3×10−6/K, and αaverage = αV/3 = 74.9×10−6/K.[3]

References

  1. ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Iodine". CIAAW. 1985.
  2. ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  3. ^ a b c Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
  4. ^ I(II) is known to exist in monoxide (IO); see Nikitin, I V (31 August 2008). "Halogen monoxides". Russian Chemical Reviews. 77 (8): 739–749. Bibcode:2008RuCRv..77..739N. doi:10.1070/RC2008v077n08ABEH003788. S2CID 250898175.
  5. ^ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
  6. ^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.