Tetraphenyltin

Tetraphenyltin

Names
IUPAC name Tetraphenylstannane
Other names Tetraphenyltin Tin tetraphenyl
Identifiers
CAS Number	595-90-4
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	55093
ECHA InfoCard	100.008.977
EC Number	209-872-9
PubChem CID	61146
UNII	E61E04398N
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9022071
InChI InChI=1S/4C6H5.Sn/c4*1-2-4-6-5-3-1;/h4*1-5H; Key: CRHIAMBJMSSNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES C1=CC=C(C=C1)[Sn](C2=CC=CC=C2)(C3=CC=CC=C3)C4=CC=CC=C4
Properties
Chemical formula	Sn(C6H5)4
Molar mass	427.134 g·mol−1
Appearance	White crystalline solid
Density	1.49 g/cm3
Melting point	224 to 227 °C (435 to 441 °F; 497 to 500 K)
Boiling point	420 °C (788 °F; 693 K)
Solubility in water	Insoluble
Solubility	Toluene, ethanol, chloroform, xylene
Structure
Molecular shape	Tetrahedral at Sn
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Neurotoxin. Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. May create explosive mixtures with air.
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H301, H311, H330, H331, H410
Precautionary statements	P260, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P310, P311, P312, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
Flash point	111 °C (232 °F)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	0.1 mg/m3, as Sn
Related compounds
Other anions	Tetramethyltin Tetraethyltin Tetrapropyltin Tetrabutyltin
Other cations	Tetraphenylmethane Tetraphenylsilane Tetraphenylgermanium Tetraphenyllead
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Tetraphenyltin is an organotin compound with the chemical formula Sn(C₆H₅)₄, often abbreviated as SnPh₄, where Ph is phenyl. It is a white crystalline solid.

Preparation

Tetraphenyltin can be prepared in high yield by the reaction of chlorobenzene, tin(IV) chloride and sodium metal in dry toluene.

2 Na + C₆H₅Cl → C₆H₅Na + NaCl

4 C₆H₅Na + SnCl₄ → Sn(C₆H₅)₄ + 4 NaCl

Uses

Tetraphenyltin is used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions. It is a stabilizer in chlorinated transformer oils.

Safety

Tetraphenyltin is potential endocrine disrupting compound. It is a neurotoxin. It is very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. It is toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. It is dangerous to eyes. It is flammable. The result of combustion is carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and tin oxides (e.g. SnO₂). Vapors of combustion are heavier than air and may spread along floors. Tetraphenyltin vapor forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating. Its vapor density is 14.7 times greater than air. It is an irritant.