Thorium disilicide
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| Names | |
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| Other names
Thorium(IV) silicide
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.878 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| Si2Th | |
| Molar mass | 288.208 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | black solid |
| Density | 7.78 g/cm³ |
| Melting point | 1,700 °C (3,090 °F; 1,970 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Thorium disilicide is a binary inorganic chemical compound of thorium and silicon. The compound was first described in detail in 1942 by Georg Brauer and A. Mitius.[1] In addition to this compound, other thorium silicides are known: trithorium disilicide, thorium monosilicide, trithorium pentasilicide, and Th6Si11.[2]
Synthesis
[edit]Thorium disilicide was obtained in 1905 by reacting thorium dioxide with silicon in an electric arc and in 1907 by Otto Hönigschmid from the elements at 1000 °C in the presence of aluminum as a solvent.[3]
Physical properties
[edit]Thorium disilicide is a black solid.[4] It has a hexagonal crystal structure with the space group P6 /mmm (space group no. 191) of the aluminium diboride type. There is also a high-temperature form that forms from the low-temperature form above 1300 °C. This has a tetragonal crystal structure with the space group I41/amd (space group no. 141).[5]
References
[edit]- ^ Brown, A.; Norreys, J. J. (March 1959). "Beta-Polymorphs of Uranium and Thorium Disilicides". Nature. 183 (4662): 673–673. doi:10.1038/183673a0. ISSN 1476-4687. Retrieved 18 June 2025.
- ^ Bickel, Michael; Wedemeyer, Horst (17 April 2013). Th Thorium Supplement Volume C 8: Compounds with Si, P, As, Sb, Bi, and Ge. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 21. ISBN 978-3-662-06348-4. Retrieved 18 June 2025.
- ^ Brauer, G.; Mittius, A. (1942). "Die Kristallstruktur des Thoriumsilicids ThSi2". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie (in German). 249 (4): 325–339. doi:10.1002/zaac.19422490401. ISSN 1521-3749. Retrieved 18 June 2025.
- ^ Perry, Dale L. (19 April 2016). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 427. ISBN 978-1-4398-1462-8. Retrieved 18 June 2025.
- ^ Yagoubi, S.; Heathman, S.; Svane, A.; Vaitheeswaran, G.; Heines, P.; Griveau, J. -C.; Le Bihan, T.; Idiri, M.; Wastin, F.; Caciuffo, R. (5 January 2013). "High pressure studies on uranium and thorium silicide compounds: Experiment and theory". Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 546: 63–71. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.07.094. ISSN 0925-8388. Retrieved 18 June 2025.