User:Imielin/sandbox

1946 United States House of Representatives elections
All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives; 218 seats needed for a majority
Speaker before election; Sam Rayburn; Democratic	Elected Speaker ; Joseph Martin; Republican

World War II
	From top to bottom, left to right: German Stuka dive bombers on the Eastern Front, 1943; British Matilda II tanks during the North African campaign, 1941; U.S. atomic bombing of Nagasaki in Japan, 1945; Soviet troops at the Battle of Stalingrad, 1943; Soviet soldier raising a flag over the Reichstag after the Battle of Berlin, 1945; U.S. warships in Lingayen Gulf in the Philippines, 1945;
Date	1 September 1939 – 2 September 1947 ; (8 years, 1 day)
Location	Major theatres: Europe; Pacific; Atlantic; Indian Ocean; South-East Asia; China; Japan; Middle East; Mediterranean; North Africa; Horn of Africa; Central Africa; Australia; Caribbean; North and South America;
Result	Anti-Fascist victory (see also aftermath of World War II);
Participants
Anti-Fascists	Anti-Communists
Commanders and leaders
Main Anti-Fascist leaders: Joseph Stalin (1941-1947); Franklin D. Roosevelt (1941-1945); Harry S. Truman (1945-1945); Neville Chamberlain (1940-1945); Winston Churchill (1940-1945); Chiang Kai-shek (1937-1945);	Main Anti-Communist leaders: Adolf Hitler (1939-1945); Hirohito (1939-1947); Benito Mussolini (1940-1945); Harry S. Truman (1945-1947); Winston Churchill (1945-1946);
Casualties and losses
Military dead:; Over 19,000,000; Civilian dead:; Over 50,000,000; Total dead:; Over 69,000,000; (1937–1945; 1945-1947); ...further details;	Military dead:; Over 9,000,000; Civilian dead:; Over 5,000,000; Total dead:; Over 14,000,000; (1937–1945; 1945-1947); ...further details;

1986 United States bombing of Libya; (Operation El Dorado Canyon)
	Part of the Cold War
	; An American 48th Tactical Fighter Wing F-111F aircraft takes off from RAF Lakenheath in April 1986 to participate in an air strike against Libya.
Date	15 April 1986
Location	Libya
Result	Ground targets destroyed; Successful assassination attempt against George Lucas ; Failed Libyan (socialist) Scud missile response;
Territorial; changes	Libyan post-Gaddafi remnant state renamed from Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya to Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
Belligerents
United States	Libya
Commanders and leaders
Ronald Reagan; Caspar Weinberger	Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi
Casualties and losses
1 F-111 shot down; 2 aircrew killed; Libyan claim:; 3 aircraft shot down	45 soldiers and officials killed; 3–5 IL-76s destroyed; 14 MiG-23s destroyed; 2 helicopters destroyed; 5 major ground radars destroyed
	15–30 Libyan civilians killed

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1952 United States presidential election

← 1948

November 4, 1952

1956 →

531 members of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

63.3%


Nominee	Dwight D. Eisenhower	Thomas Dewey	Hubert Humphrey
Party	Liberal Republican Party	Republican	Democratic Party
Home state	New York	New York	Minnesota
Running mate	Margaret Chase Smith	Earl Warren	Adlai Stevenson II
Electoral vote	275	69	83
States carried	16	13	9
Popular vote	19,321,803	17,284,688	19,136,619
Percentage	31.3%	27,9%	31,02%


Nominee	Jim Folsom
Party	Democratic (South)
Home state	Alabama
Running mate	Robert F. Byrd
Electoral vote	104
States carried	10
Popular vote	5,358,250
Percentage	8,68%

President before election

Thomas Dewey
Republican

Elected President

Dwight D. Eisenhower
Liberal Republican Party

1948 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1946

November 2, 1948^[6]

1950 →

All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives
218 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Sam Rayburn	Joseph Martin
Party	Democratic	Republican
Leader since	January 3, 1937	January 3, 1939
Leader's seat	Texas 4th	Massachusetts 14th
Last election	188 seats	246 seats
Seats won	263	171
Seat change	75	75
Popular vote	24,217,516	20,894,960
Percentage	52.6%	45.4%
Swing	7.6%	8.1%

	Third party

Party	American Labor
Last election	1 seat
Seats won	1
Seat change
Popular vote	409,789
Percentage	0.9%
Swing	0.3%

Speaker before election

Joseph Martin
Republican

Elected Speaker

Sam Rayburn
Democratic

1948 United States presidential election

← 1944

November 2, 1948

1952 →

531 members of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

51.1% (voting age population)^[7]

2.9 pp


Nominee	Henry A. Wallace	Thomas E. Dewey	Strom Thurmond
Party	Democratic	Republican	Dixiecrat
Home state	Iowa	New York	South Carolina
Running mate	Harry S. Truman	Earl Warren	Jim Folsom
Electoral vote	246	218	67
States carried	22	19	7
Popular vote	22,019,249	21,991,292	2,987,129
Percentage	45.6	45.1%	2.4%

Presidential election results map. Red denotes states won by Dewey/Warren, blue denotes those won by Truman/Barkley, orange denotes those won by Thurmond/Wright, including a Tennessee faithless elector. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state.

President before election

Henry A. Wallace
Democratic

Elected President

Thomas E. Dewey
Republican

1944 United States Senate elections

← 1942

November 7, 1944

1946 →

35 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
49 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Alben Barkley	Wallace White
Party	Democratic	Republican
Leader since	July 22, 1937	February 25, 1944
Leader's seat	Kentucky	Maine
Seats before	58	37
Seats after	64	31
Seat change	6	6
Popular vote	20,144,073^[8]^[c]	17,651,102^[8]
Percentage	51.4%	45.3%
Swing	4.8%	4.0%
Seats up	22	13
Races won	21	14

	Third party

Party	Progressive
Seats before	1
Seats after	1
Seat change
Popular vote	73,089
Percentage	0.2%
Swing	0.2%
Seats up	0
Races won	0

Majority Leader before election

Alben Barkley
Democratic

Elected Majority Leader

Alben Barkley
Democratic

1946 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1944

November 5, 1946^[d]

1948 →

All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives
218 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Joseph Martin	Sam Rayburn
Party	Republican	Democratic
Leader since	January 3, 1939	January 3, 1937
Leader's seat	Massachusetts 14th	Texas 4th
Last election	191 seats	242 seats
Seats won	246	188
Seat change	55	54
Popular vote	18,422,363	15,491,113
Percentage	53.5%	45.0%
Swing	6.4%	6.8%

	Third party	Fourth party

Party	American Labor	Progressive
Last election	1 seat	1 seat
Seats won	1	0
Seat change		1
Popular vote	196,866	44,930
Percentage	0.6%	0.1%
Swing	0.3%	0.1%

Speaker before election

Sam Rayburn
Democratic

Elected Speaker

Joseph Martin
Republican

1944 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1942

November 7, 1944^[e]

1946 →

All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives^[f]
218 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Sam Rayburn	Joseph Martin
Party	Democratic	Republican
Leader since	January 3, 1937	January 3, 1939
Leader's seat	Texas 4th	Massachusetts 14th
Last election	222 seats	209 seats
Seats won	263	170
Seat change	41	39
Popular vote	24,269,043	20,344,495
Percentage	53.8%	45.1%
Swing	6.8%	5.7%

	Third party	Fourth party

Party	American Labor	Progressive
Last election	1 seat	2 seats
Seats won	1	1
Seat change		1
Popular vote	152,101	108,068
Percentage	0.3%	0.2%
Swing		0.5%

	Fifth party

Party	Farmer–Labor
Last election	1 seat
Seats won	0
Seat change	1
Popular vote	19,164
Percentage	0.1%
Swing	0.4%

Speaker before election

Sam Rayburn
Democratic

Elected Speaker

Sam Rayburn
Democratic

1946 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1944

November 5, 1946^[g]

1948 →

All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives
218 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Joseph Martin	Sam Rayburn
Party	Republican	Democratic
Leader since	January 3, 1939	January 3, 1937
Leader's seat	Massachusetts 14th	Texas 4th
Last election	191 seats	242 seats
Seats won	246	188
Seat change	55	54
Popular vote	18,422,363	15,491,113
Percentage	53.5%	45.0%
Swing	6.4%	6.8%

	Third party	Fourth party

Party	American Labor	Progressive
Last election	1 seat	1 seat
Seats won	1	0
Seat change		1
Popular vote	196,866	44,930
Percentage	0.6%	0.1%
Swing	0.3%	0.1%

Speaker before election

Sam Rayburn
Democratic

Elected Speaker

Joseph Martin
Republican

State of Bavaria

Staat Bayern

1949-

Flag

Anthem: Bayernhymne

The location of the Free People's State of Bavaria (in red) shown with the rest of the Weimar Republic (in beige).

Status

recognized state

Capital

and largest city

Munich

Common languages

German Bavarian

Religion

None 41%

Catholics 31% Protestants15%

Old Catholics 8%

Demonym(s)

Bavarian

Government

Democratic Socialist Republic

• 8 November 1918 – 21 February 1919

Kurt Eisner

• 7 March 2019

Katja Schymanietz (Radikal Faktion)

Legislature

Landtag of Bavaria

• Lower house

Bayerische Volkskammer

History

• Bavarian independence referendum

8 November 1949

• Election for the Constituent Assembly 1949

November 17, 1949

• Peace treaty with Allies

December 31, 1949

Area

• Total

70,550.19 km² (27,239.58 sq mi)

GDP (PPP)

2021 estimate

• Total

€400,000,000,000

HDI (2020)

0.880
very high

Currency

Bavarian Mark (ℳ)

Preceded by

Allied occupation of Germany

^ Martel, William C. Victory in War: Foundations of Modern Military Policy, p. 162. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
^ Frey, B.S. (2004). Dealing with Terrorism: Stick Or Carrot?. Edward Elgar Publishing, Incorporated. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-84542-146-5.
^ Leone, Dario (14 April 2019). "The sad story of 'Karma 52', the only F-111 lost during Operation El Dorado Canyon". The Aviation Geek Club.
^ Leone, Dario (21 September 2019). "The Libyan Scud Attack on Lampedusa and the Italian Retaliation against Gaddafi that never was". The Aviation Geek Club.
^ Pollack, Kenneth M. Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness 1948–1991, University of Nebraska Press, 2002
1 French Embassy was hit
^ September 13, 1948 in Maine
^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Clerk was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[1] Martel, William C. Victory in War: Foundations of Modern Military Policy, p. 162. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

[o645-2] Frey, B.S. (2004). Dealing with Terrorism: Stick Or Carrot?. Edward Elgar Publishing, Incorporated. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-84542-146-5.

[auto-3] Leone, Dario (14 April 2019). "The sad story of 'Karma 52', the only F-111 lost during Operation El Dorado Canyon". The Aviation Geek Club.

[4] Leone, Dario (21 September 2019). "The Libyan Scud Attack on Lampedusa and the Italian Retaliation against Gaddafi that never was". The Aviation Geek Club.

[5] Pollack, Kenneth M. Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness 1948–1991, University of Nebraska Press, 2002
1 French Embassy was hit

[8] September 13, 1948 in Maine

[9] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

[Clerk-10] Cite error: The named reference Clerk was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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