Radar, Gun Laying, Mark I, or GL Mk. I for short, was an early World War II radar system developed by the British Army to provide information for anti-aircraft artillery. There were two upgrades, GL/EF (elevation finder) and GL Mk. II (pictured), both improving the ability to determine a target's bearing and elevation. GL refers to the radar's ability to direct the guns onto a target, known as gun laying. The first GL sets were developed in 1936 using separate transmitters and receivers mounted on gun carriages. Several were captured in 1940, leading the Germans to believe falsely that British radar was much less advanced than theirs. The GL/EF attachment provided bearing and elevation measurements accurate to about a degree: this caused the number of rounds needed to destroy an aircraft to fall to 4,100, a tenfold improvement over early-war results. The Mk. II, which was able to directly guide the guns, lowered the rounds-per-kill to 2,750. About 410 Mk. Is and 1,679 Mk. IIs were produced. (Full article...)
Ignace Tonené (1840 or 1841 – 15 March 1916), also known as Nias or by his Ojibwe name Maiagizis ('right/correct sun'), was a Teme-Augama Anishnabai chief, fur trader, and gold prospector in Upper Canada. He was a prominent employee of the Hudson's Bay Company. Tonené was the elected deputy chief before being the lead chief and later the life chief of his community. In his role as deputy, he negotiated with the Canadian federal government and the Ontario provincial government, advocating for his community to receive annual financial support from both. His attempts to secure land reserves for his community were thwarted by the Ontario premier Oliver Mowat. Tonené's prospecting triggered a 1906 gold rush and the creation of Kerr Addison Mines Ltd., although one of his claims was stolen from him by white Canadian prospectors. This photograph shows Tonené in 1909.
Photograph credit: William John Winter; restored by Adam Cuerden
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