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from "Animal echolocation"
With echolocation, the bat or other animal can see not only where it is going but also how big another animal is, what kind of animal it is, and other features.[1][2]
Their use of echolocation allows them to occupy a niche where there are often many insects (that come out at night since there are fewer predators then), less competition for food, and fewer species that may prey on the bats themselves.[3][4]
During approach to a detected target, the duration of the sounds is gradually decreased, as is the energy of the sound.[5]
This specialization is evident from the inner ear up to the highest levels of information processing in the auditory cortex.[6]
Galleria mellonella exhibits predator avoidance behaviors such as dropping, looping, and freezing when emitters sent out ultrasound waves, indicating that G. mellonella can both detect and differentiate between ultrasound frequencies used by predators or from other members of their species.[7] Members of the Saturniidae moth family, which include giant silk moths, have been observed using their large wings to deflect the ultrasonic signals of microbats.[8]
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- ^ Lewanzik, Daniel; Sundaramurthy, Arun K.; Goerlitz, Holger R. (2019-10). Derryberry, Elizabeth (ed.). "Insectivorous bats integrate social information about species identity, conspecific activity and prey abundance to estimate cost–benefit ratio of interactions". Journal of Animal Ecology. 88 (10): 1462–1473. doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12989. ISSN 0021-8790. PMC 6849779. PMID 30945281.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Shriram, Uday; Simmons, James A. (2019-6). "Echolocating bats perceive natural-size targets as a unitary class using micro-spectral ripples in echoes". Behavioral Neuroscience. 133 (3): 297–304. doi:10.1037/bne0000315. ISSN 1939-0084.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Lima, Steven L.; O'Keefe, Joy M. (2013-8). "Do predators influence the behaviour of bats?: Bats and predators". Biological Reviews. 88 (3): 626–644. doi:10.1111/brv.12021.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Haddock, Joanna K.; Threlfall, Caragh G.; Law, Bradley; Hochuli, Dieter F. (2019-8). "Light pollution at the urban forest edge negatively impacts insectivorous bats". Biological Conservation. 236: 17–28. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.05.016.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Gordon, Shira D.; ter Hofstede, Hannah M. (2018-03-15). "The influence of bat echolocation call duration and timing on auditory encoding of predator distance in noctuoid moths". The Journal of Experimental Biology. 221 (6): jeb171561. doi:10.1242/jeb.171561. ISSN 0022-0949.
- ^ Salles, Angeles; Bohn, Kirsten M.; Moss, Cynthia F. (2019-6). "Auditory communication processing in bats: What we know and where to go". Behavioral Neuroscience. 133 (3): 305–319. doi:10.1037/bne0000308. ISSN 1939-0084.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Spangler, Hayward G. (1988). "Sound and the Moths That Infest Beehives". The Florida Entomologist. 71 (4): 467–477. doi:10.2307/3495006. JSTOR 3495006.
- ^ Rubin, Juliette J.; Hamilton, Chris A.; McClure, Chris J. W.; Chadwell, Brad A.; Kawahara, Akito Y.; Barber, Jesse R. (2018-7). "The evolution of anti-bat sensory illusions in moths". Science Advances. 4 (7): eaar7428. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aar7428. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 6031379. PMID 29978042.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)