Vespula
| Vespula | |
|---|---|
| |
| Tawon jerman (Vespula germanica) | |
Klasifikasi ilmiah 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kerajaan: | Animalia |
| Filum: | Arthropoda |
| Kelas: | Insecta |
| Ordo: | Hymenoptera |
| Famili: | Vespidae |
| Subfamili: | Vespinae |
| Genus: | Vespula Thomson, 1869 |
| Spesies tipe | |
| Vespa austriaca | |
| Spesies | |
|
23 spesies | |
| Sinonim | |
| |
Vespula adalah sebuah genus tawon sosial kecil, tersebar luas di belahan Bumi utara. Bersamaan dengan anggota genus saudara mereka, Dolichovespula, mereka secara keseluruhan dikenal dengan nama umum tawon jaket kuning (yellowjackets) di Amerika Utara. Spesies-spesies Vespula memiliki rongga okulomalar yang lebih pendek, dan kecederungan lebih tinggi untuk bersarang di bawah tanah daripada Dolichovespula.
Spesies
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Vespula acadica (Sladen, 1918) – forest yellowjacket[2]
- Vespula akrei Landolt, 2010[3]
- Vespula alascensis Packard, 1870 – Tawon jaket kuning umum[2]
- Vespula arisana (Sonan, 1929) – Tawon jaket kuning taiwan
- Vespula atropilosa (Sladen, 1918) – Tawon jaket kuning padang rumput[2]
- Vespula austriaca (Panzer, 1799) – tawon cuckoo merah
- Vespula consobrina (Saussure, 1854) – tawon jaket hitam[2]
- Vespula flaviceps (Smith, 1870)
- Vespula flavopilosa Jacobson, 1978 – Tawon jaket kuning bulu-halus[2][4]
- Vespula germanica (Fabricius, 1793) – Tawon jerman, Tawon jaket kuning jerman[2]
- Vespula inexspectata Eck, 1991 – Tawon jaket kuning gunung api[3]
- Vespula infernalis (Saussure, 1854) – Tawon jaket kuning cuckoo[2]
- Vespula ingrica Birula, 1931
- Vespula intermedia (Buysson, 1904–05) – Tawon jaket kuning garis-merah utara[2]
- Vespula kingdonwardi Archer, 1981[5]
- Vespula koreensis (Rad., 1887)
- Vespula maculifrons (Buysson, 1905) – Tawon jaket kuning timur
- Vespula nursei Archer, 1981[5]
- Vespula orbata (Buysson 1902)
- Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure, 1857) – Tawon jaket kuning barat[2]
- Vespula rufa (Linnaeus, 1758) – Tawon merah
- Vespula shidai Ish., Yam., Wagn., 1980[6]
- Vespula squamosa (Drury, 1770) – Tawon jaket kuning selatan
- Vespula structor (Smith, 1870)
- Vespula sulphurea (Saussure, 1854) – Tawon jaket kuning california[2]
- Vespula vidua (Saussure, 1854)[2] – Tawon jaket kuning panjang atau Tawon jaket kuning janda
- Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) – Tawon umum
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ James M. Carpenter & Jun-ichi Kojima (1997). "Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae)" (PDF). Natural History Bulletin of Ibaraki University. 1: 51–92.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Vespula, BugGuide
- ^ a b Landolt, Peter J.; Sierra, José Monzón; Unruh, Thomas R.; Zack, Richard S. (2010-09-29). "A new species of Vespula, and first record of Vespa crabro L. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) from Guatemala, Central America". Zootaxa. 2629 (1): 61. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2629.1.4. ISSN 1175-5334.
- ^ Jacobson, R. S.; Matthews, R. W.; Macdonald, J. F. (1978-05-15). "A Systematic Study of the Vespula vulgaris Group with a Description of a New Yellowjacket Species in Eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)1". Annals of the Entomological Society of America (dalam bahasa Inggris). 71 (3): 299–312. doi:10.1093/aesa/71.3.299. ISSN 0013-8746.
- ^ a b Archer, Michael (25 March 1981). "The Euro-Asian Species of the Vespula rufa group (Hymenoptera, Vespidae), with Despcriptions of Two New Species and One New Subspecies". Kontyû. 49 (1): 54–64.
- ^ Yamane, Seiki; Wagner, Robert E.; Yamane, Soichi (March 1980). "A tentative revision of the subgenus Paravespula of eastern Asia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)". Insecta Matsumurana. New series. 19: 44–46. hdl:2115/9800. ISSN 0020-1804.