July 18
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| 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
| 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | ||
| 2025 | ||||||
| July 18 in recent years |
| 2024 (Thursday) |
| 2023 (Tuesday) |
| 2022 (Monday) |
| 2021 (Sunday) |
| 2020 (Saturday) |
| 2019 (Thursday) |
| 2018 (Wednesday) |
| 2017 (Tuesday) |
| 2016 (Monday) |
| 2015 (Saturday) |
July 18 is the 199th day of the year (200th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 166 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army.[1]
- 387 BC[2] – Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, leading to the subsequent sacking of Rome.[3]
- 362 – Roman–Persian Wars: Emperor Julian arrives at Antioch with a Roman expeditionary force (60,000 men) and stays there for nine months to launch a campaign against the Persian Empire.
- 452 – Sack of Aquileia: After an earlier defeat on the Catalaunian Plains, Attila lays siege to the metropolis of Aquileia and eventually destroys it.[4]
- 645 – Chinese forces under general Li Shiji besiege the strategic fortress city of Anshi (Liaoning) during the Goguryeo–Tang War.
- 1195 – Battle of Alarcos: Almohad forces defeat the Castilian army of Alfonso VIII and force its retreat to Toledo.
- 1290 – King Edward I of England issues the Edict of Expulsion, banishing all Jews (numbering about 16,000) from England.[5]
- 1334 – The bishop of Florence blesses the first foundation stone for the new campanile (bell tower) of the Florence Cathedral, designed by the artist Giotto di Bondone.[6]
- 1389 – France and England agree to the Truce of Leulinghem, inaugurating a 13-year peace, the longest period of sustained peace during the Hundred Years' War.
- 1507 – In Brussels, Prince Charles I is crowned Duke of Burgundy and Count of Flanders,[7] a year after inheriting the title.
- 1555 – The College of Arms is reincorporated by Royal charter signed by Queen Mary I of England and King Philip II of Spain.
1601–1900
[edit]- 1723 – Johann Sebastian Bach leads the first performance of his cantata Erforsche mich, Gott, und erfahre mein Herz, BWV 136, in Leipzig on the eighth Sunday after Trinity.[8]
- 1806 – A gunpowder magazine explosion in Birgu, Malta, kills around 200 people.[9]
- 1812 – The Treaties of Orebro end both the Anglo-Russian and Anglo-Swedish Wars.[10]
- 1841 – Coronation of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil.[11]
- 1857 – Louis Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar Tall's war against the French.
- 1862 – First ascent of Dent Blanche, one of the highest summits in the Alps.
- 1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Wagner: One of the first formal African American military units, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, supported by several white regiments, attempts an unsuccessful assault on Confederate-held Battery Wagner.
- 1870 – The First Vatican Council decrees the dogma of papal infallibility.
- 1872 – The Ballot Act 1872 in the United Kingdom introduced the requirement that parliamentary and local government elections be held by secret ballot.[12]
1901–present
[edit]- 1914 – The U.S. Congress forms the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps, giving official status to aircraft within the U.S. Army for the first time.
- 1925 – Adolf Hitler publishes Mein Kampf.
- 1942 – World War II: During the Beisfjord massacre in Norway, 15 Norwegian paramilitary guards help members of the SS to kill 288 political prisoners from Yugoslavia.
- 1942 – The Germans test fly the Messerschmitt Me 262 using its jet engines for the first time.
- 1944 – World War II: Hideki Tōjō resigns as Prime Minister of Japan because of numerous setbacks in the war effort.
- 1966 – Human spaceflight: Gemini 10 is launched from Cape Kennedy on a 70-hour mission that includes docking with an orbiting Agena target vehicle.
- 1966 – A racially charged incident in a bar sparks the six-day Hough riots in Cleveland, Ohio; 1,700 Ohio National Guard troops intervene to restore order.
- 1968 – Intel is founded in Mountain View, California.
- 1970 – An Antonov An-22 of the Soviet Air Forces crashes into the Atlantic Ocean, killing all 23 aboard.[13]
- 1976 – Nadia Comăneci becomes the first person in Olympic Games history to score a perfect 10 in gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
- 1979 – A landslide occurs on the Iliwerung volcano in Indonesia, triggering a tsunami that kills over 530 and leaves 700 missing.[14]
- 1981 – A Canadair CL-44 and Sukhoi Su-15 collide in mid-air near Yerevan, Armenia, killing four.[15]
- 1982 – Two hundred sixty-eight Guatemalan campesinos ("peasants" or "country people") are slain in the Plan de Sánchez massacre.
- 1984 – McDonald's massacre in San Ysidro, California: James Oliver Huberty kills 21 people and injures 19 others before being shot dead by police.
- 1992 – A picture of Les Horribles Cernettes was taken, which became the first ever photo posted to the World Wide Web.
- 1994 – The bombing of the Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (Argentine Jewish Community Center) in Buenos Aires kills 85 people (mostly Jewish) and injures 300.
- 1994 – Rwandan genocide: The Rwandan Patriotic Front takes control of Gisenyi and north western Rwanda, forcing the interim government into Zaire and ending the genocide.
- 1995 – On the Caribbean island of Montserrat, the Soufrière Hills volcano erupts. Over the course of several years, it devastates the island, destroying the capital, forcing most of the population to flee.
- 1996 – Storms provoke severe flooding on the Saguenay River, beginning one of Quebec's costliest natural disasters ever.
- 1996 – Battle of Mullaitivu: The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam capture the Sri Lanka Army's base, killing over 1,200 soldiers.
- 2002 – A Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer crashes near Estes Park, Colorado, killing both crew members.[16]
- 2012 – At least seven people are killed and 32 others are injured after a bomb explodes on an Israeli tour bus at Burgas Airport, Bulgaria.
- 2013 – The Government of Detroit, with up to $20 billion in debt, files for the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history.
- 2014 – The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant requires Christians to either accept dhimmi status, emigrate from ISIL lands, or be killed.[17]
- 2019 – A man sets fire to an anime studio in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan, killing 36 people and injuring dozens of others.[18][19]
Births
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 1013 – Hermann of Reichenau, German composer, mathematician, and astronomer (born 1013)[20]
- 1501 – Isabella of Austria, queen of Denmark (died 1526)[21]
- 1504 – Heinrich Bullinger, Swiss pastor and reformer (died 1575)[22]
- 1534 – Zacharius Ursinus, German theologian (died 1583)[23]
- 1552 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1612)[24]
1601–1900
[edit]- 1634 – Johannes Camphuys, Dutch politician, Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies (died 1695)
- 1659 – Hyacinthe Rigaud, French painter (died 1743)[25]
- 1670 – Giovanni Bononcini, Italian cellist and composer (died 1747)
- 1702 – Maria Clementina Sobieska, Polish noble (died 1735)
- 1718 – Saverio Bettinelli, Italian poet, playwright, and critic (died 1808)
- 1720 – Gilbert White, English ornithologist and ecologist (died 1793)[26]
- 1724 – Maria Antonia of Bavaria, Electress of Saxony (died 1780)
- 1750 – Frederick Adolf, duke of Östergötland (died 1803)
- 1796 – Immanuel Hermann Fichte, German philosopher and academic (died 1879)
- 1811 – William Makepeace Thackeray, English author and poet (died 1863)
- 1818 – Louis Gerhard De Geer, Swedish lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Sweden (died 1896)
- 1821 – Pauline Viardot, French soprano and composer (died 1910)
- 1837 – Vasil Levski, Bulgarian priest and activist (died 1873)
- 1842 – William D. Coleman, 13th President of Liberia (died 1908)[27]
- 1843 – Virgil Earp, American marshal (died 1905)
- 1845 – Tristan Corbière, French poet (died 1875)
- 1848 – W. G. Grace, English cricketer and physician (died 1915)
- 1853 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1928)
- 1861 – Kadambini Ganguly, Indian physician, one of the first Indian women to obtain a degree (died 1923)[28]
- 1864 – Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (died 1937)
- 1867 – Margaret Brown, American philanthropist and activist (died 1932)
- 1871 – Giacomo Balla, Italian painter (died 1958)
- 1871 – Sada Yacco, Japanese actress and dancer (died 1946)
- 1872 – Julius Fučík, Czech composer and conductor of military bands (died 1916)[29]
- 1881 – Larry McLean, Canadian-American baseball player (died 1921)
- 1884 – Alberto di Jorio, Italian cardinal (died 1979)
- 1886 – Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr., American general (died 1945)
- 1887 – Vidkun Quisling, Norwegian military officer and politician, Minister President of Norway (died 1945)
- 1889 – Kōichi Kido, Japanese politician, 13th Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan (died 1977)
- 1890 – Frank Forde, Australian educator and politician, 15th Prime Minister of Australia (died 1983)
- 1892 – Arthur Friedenreich, Brazilian footballer (died 1969)
- 1893 – David Ogilvy, 12th Earl of Airlie, Scottish peer, soldier and courtier (died 1968)
- 1895 – Olga Spessivtseva, Russian-American ballerina (died 1991)
- 1895 – Machine Gun Kelly, American gangster (died 1954)
- 1897 – Ernest Eldridge, English race car driver and engineer (died 1935)
- 1898 – John Stuart, Scottish-English actor (died 1979)
- 1899 – Ernst Scheller, German soldier and politician, 8th Mayor of Marburg (died 1942)
- 1900 – Nathalie Sarraute, French lawyer and author (died 1999)
1901–present
[edit]- 1902 – Jessamyn West, American author (died 1984)[30]
- 1902 – Chill Wills, American actor (died 1978)
- 1906 – S. I. Hayakawa, Canadian-American academic and politician (died 1992)
- 1906 – Clifford Odets, American director, playwright, and screenwriter (died 1963)
- 1908 – Peace Pilgrim, American mystic and activist (died 1981)
- 1908 – Lupe Vélez, Mexican-American actress and dancer (died 1944)
- 1908 – Beatrice Aitchison, American mathematician, statistician, and transportation economist (died 1997)
- 1909 – Bishnu Dey, Indian poet, critic, and academic (died 1982)
- 1909 – Andrei Gromyko, Belarusian-Russian economist and politician, Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs (died 1989)
- 1909 – Mohammed Daoud Khan, Afghan commander and politician, 1st President of Afghanistan (died 1978)
- 1909 – Harriet Nelson, American singer and actress (died 1994)
- 1910 – Diptendu Pramanick, Indian businessman (died 1989)
- 1910 – Mamadou Dia, Senegalese politician; 1st Prime Minister of Senegal (died 2009)[31]
- 1911 – Hume Cronyn, Canadian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter (died 2003)
- 1913 – Red Skelton, American actor and comedian (died 1997)
- 1914 – Gino Bartali, Italian cyclist (died 2000)
- 1914 – Oscar Heisserer, French footballer (died 2004)
- 1915 – Carequinha, Brazilian clown and actor (died 2006)
- 1915 – Louis Le Bailly, British Royal Navy officer (died 2010)[32]
- 1916 – Charles Kittel, American physicist (died 2019)
- 1917 – Henri Salvador, French singer and guitarist (died 2008)
- 1917 – Paul Streeten, Austrian-born British economics professor (died 2019)
- 1918 – Nelson Mandela, South African lawyer and politician, 1st President of South Africa, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2013)
- 1919 – Lilia Dale, Italian actress (died 1991)
- 1920 – Eric Brandon, English race car driver and businessman (died 1982)
- 1921 – Peter Austin, English brewer, founded Ringwood Brewery (died 2014)[33]
- 1921 – Aaron Beck, American psychiatrist and academic (died 2021)[34]
- 1921 – John Glenn, American colonel, astronaut, and politician (died 2016)[35]
- 1921 – Richard Leacock, English-French director and producer (died 2011)
- 1921 – Heinz Bennent, German actor (died 2011)
- 1922 – Thomas Kuhn, American physicist, historian, and philosopher (died 1996)
- 1923 – Jerome H. Lemelson, American engineer and businessman (died 1997)
- 1923 – Michael Medwin, English actor (died 2020)
- 1924 – Inge Sørensen, Danish swimmer (died 2011)
- 1924 – Tullio Altamura, Italian actor
- 1925 – Shirley Strickland, Australian runner and hurdler (died 2004)
- 1925 – Friedrich Zimmermann, German lawyer and politician, German Federal Minister of the Interior (died 2012)
- 1925 – Raymond Jones, Australian Modernist architect (died 2022)
- 1925 – Windy McCall, American baseball relief pitcher (died 2015)
- 1926 – Margaret Laurence, Canadian author and academic (died 1987)
- 1926 – Nita Bieber, American actress (died 2019)
- 1926 – Bernard Pons, French politician and medical doctor (died 2022)
- 1926 – Maunu Kurkvaara, Finnish film director and screenwriter (died 2023)
- 1926 – Elizabeth Jennings, English poet (died 2001)[36]
- 1927 – Mehdi Hassan, Pakistani ghazal singer and playback singer (died 2012)
- 1927 – Kurt Masur, German conductor and educator (died 2015)
- 1927 – Antonio García-Trevijano, Spanish republican, political activist, and author (died 2018)
- 1927 – Keith MacDonald, Canadian politician (died 2021)
- 1927 – Anthony Mirra, American gangster, member of the Bonanno Crime Family (died 1982)
- 1928 – Andrea Gallo, Italian priest and author (died 2013)
- 1928 – Baddiewinkle, American internet personality
- 1929 – Dick Button, American figure skater and actor (died 2025)[37]
- 1929 – Screamin' Jay Hawkins, American R&B singer-songwriter, musician, and actor (died 2000)
- 1932 – Robert Ellis Miller, American director and screenwriter (died 2017)
- 1933 – Jean Yanne, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2003)
- 1933 – Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Russian poet and playwright (died 2017)
- 1934 – Edward Bond, English director, playwright, and screenwriter (died 2024)
- 1934 – Darlene Conley, American actress (died 2007)
- 1935 – Tenley Albright, American former figure skater and physician
- 1935 – Jayendra Saraswathi, Indian guru, 69th Shankaracharya (died 2018)
- 1937 – Roald Hoffmann, Polish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1937 – Hunter S. Thompson, American journalist and author (died 2005)
- 1938 – John Connelly, English footballer (died 2012)
- 1938 – Ian Stewart, Scottish keyboard player and manager (died 1985)
- 1938 – Paul Verhoeven, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1939 – Brian Auger, English rock and jazz keyboard player
- 1939 – Dion DiMucci, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1939 – Jerry Moore, American football player and coach
- 1940 – James Brolin, American actor
- 1940 – Joe Torre, American baseball player, manager, and executive[38]
- 1941 – Frank Farian, German songwriter and producer (died 2024)
- 1941 – Lonnie Mack, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2016)
- 1941 – Martha Reeves, American singer and politician
- 1942 – Giacinto Facchetti, Italian footballer (died 2006)
- 1942 – Adolf Ogi, Swiss politician, 84th President of the Swiss Confederation
- 1943 – Joseph J. Ellis, American historian and author
- 1944 – David Hemery, English hurdler and author[39]
- 1945 – Pat Doherty, Irish Republican politician
- 1946 – Kalpana Mohan, Indian actress (died 2012)
- 1947 – Steve Forbes, American publisher and politician
- 1948 – Carlos Colón Sr., Puerto Rican-American wrestler and promoter
- 1948 – Jeanne Córdova, American journalist and activist (died 2016)
- 1948 – Hartmut Michel, German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1949 – Dennis Lillee, Australian cricketer and coach
- 1950 – Richard Branson, English businessman, founded Virgin Group
- 1950 – Jack Dongarra, American computer scientist and academic
- 1950 – Kostas Eleftherakis, Greek footballer
- 1950 – Glenn Hughes, American disco singer and actor (died 2001)
- 1950 – Shahid Khan, Pakistani-American businessman and sports executive[40]
- 1950 – Jack Layton, Canadian political scientist, academic, and politician (died 2011)
- 1950 – Mark Udall, American educator and politician[41]
- 1951 – Elio Di Rupo, Belgian chemist, academic, and politician, 68th Prime Minister of Belgium
- 1951 – Margo Martindale, American actress
- 1954 – Ricky Skaggs, American singer-songwriter, mandolin player, and producer[42]
- 1955 – Bernd Fasching, Austrian painter and sculptor
- 1957 – Nick Faldo, English golfer and sportscaster
- 1957 – Keith Levene, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (died 2022)
- 1960 – Simon Heffer, English journalist and author
- 1961 – Elizabeth McGovern, American actress
- 1961 – Alan Pardew, English footballer and manager
- 1961 – Pasi Rautiainen, Finnish footballer, coach, and manager
- 1962 – Shaun Micallef, Australian comedian, producer, and screenwriter
- 1963 – Marc Girardelli, Austrian-Luxembourgian skier
- 1963 – Martín Torrijos, Panamanian economist and politician, 35th President of Panama
- 1964 – Wendy Williams, American talk show host
- 1965 – Vesselina Kasarova, Bulgarian soprano
- 1966 – Dan O'Brien, American decathlete and coach
- 1967 – Vin Diesel, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter[43]
- 1968 – Grant Bowler, New Zealand-Australian actor
- 1968 – Scott Gourley, Australian rugby player
- 1969 – Elizabeth Gilbert, American author
- 1969 – The Great Sasuke, Japanese wrestler and politician
- 1971 – Penny Hardaway, American basketball player and coach
- 1971 – Sukhwinder Singh, Indian singer-songwriter and actor
- 1974 – Alan Morrison, British poet
- 1975 – Torii Hunter, American baseball player
- 1975 – Daron Malakian, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1975 – M.I.A., English rapper and producer[44]
- 1976 – Elsa Pataky, Spanish actress
- 1976 – Go Soo-hee, South Korean actress
- 1977 – Alexander Morozevich, Russian chess player and author
- 1977 – Kelly Reilly, English actress[45]
- 1978 – Adabel Guerrero, Argentinian actress, singer, and dancer
- 1978 – Shane Horgan, Irish rugby player and sportscaster
- 1978 – Crystal Mangum, American murderer responsible for making false rape allegations in the Duke lacrosse case[46][47]
- 1978 – Joo Sang-wook, South Korean actor
- 1978 – Ben Sheets, American baseball player and coach
- 1978 – Mélissa Theuriau, French journalist
- 1979 – Deion Branch, American football player
- 1979 – Joey Mercury, American wrestler and producer
- 1980 – Kristen Bell, American actress[48]
- 1980 – David Blu, American–Israeli basketball player[49]
- 1980 – Ryōko Hirosue, Japanese actress[50]
- 1981 – Dennis Seidenberg, German ice hockey player
- 1982 – Ryan Cabrera, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1982 – Priyanka Chopra, Indian actress, singer, and film producer
- 1982 – Carlo Costly, Honduran footballer
- 1983 – Mishaal Al-Saeed, Saudi Arabian footballer[51]
- 1983 – Carlos Diogo, Uruguayan footballer
- 1983 – Aaron Gillespie, American singer-songwriter and drummer
- 1983 – Mikk Pahapill, Estonian decathlete
- 1983 – Jan Schlaudraff, German footballer
- 1984 – Ben Askren, American mixed martial artist and boxer[52]
- 1985 – Chace Crawford, American actor
- 1985 – Panagiotis Lagos, Greek footballer
- 1985 – James Norton, English actor
- 1986 – Natalia Mikhailova, Russian ice dancer
- 1987 – Tontowi Ahmad, Indonesian badminton player[53]
- 1988 – Änis Ben-Hatira, German-Tunisian footballer
- 1988 – César Villaluz, Mexican footballer
- 1989 – Jamie Benn, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1989 – Sebastian Mielitz, German footballer
- 1989 – Yohan Mollo, French footballer
- 1990 – Canelo Álvarez, Mexican boxer[54]
- 1991 – Mandy Rose, American wrestler and television personality[55]
- 1991 – Eugenio Suárez, Venezuelan baseball player[56]
- 1993 – Lee Tae-min, South Korean singer and actor[57]
- 1993 – Michael Lichaa, Australian rugby league player[58]
- 1994 – Nilo Soares, East Timorese footballer[59]
- 1996 – Yung Lean, Swedish rapper and singer-songwriter[60]
- 1996 – Smriti Mandhana, Indian cricketer[61]
- 1996 – Shudufhadzo Musida, Miss South Africa 2020[62]
- 1997 – Bam Adebayo, American basketball player[63]
- 1997 – Noah Lyles, American sprinter[64]
- 2000 – Sarah Kinsley, American singer-songwriter[65]
- 2001 – Agustina Roth, Argentine BMX rider[66]
Deaths
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 707 – Emperor Monmu of Japan (born 683)
- 715 – Muhammad bin Qasim, Umayyad general (born 695)
- 912 – Zhu Wen, Chinese emperor (born 852)
- 924 – Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn al-Furat, Abbasid vizier (born 855)
- 928 – Stephen II, patriarch of Constantinople
- 984 – Dietrich I, bishop of Metz[67]
- 1100 – Godfrey of Bouillon, Frankish knight (born 1016)
- 1185 – Stefan, first Archbishop of Uppsala (born before 1143)
- 1194 – Guy of Lusignan, king consort of Jerusalem (born c. 1150)
- 1232 – John de Braose, Marcher Lord of Bramber and Gower
- 1270 – Boniface of Savoy, Archbishop of Canterbury
- 1300 – Gerard Segarelli, Italian religious leader, founded the Apostolic Brethren (born 1240)
- 1450 – Francis I, Duke of Brittany (born 1414)
- 1488 – Alvise Cadamosto, Italian explorer (born 1432)
- 1566 – Bartolomé de las Casas, Spanish bishop and historian (born c.1484)[68][69]
- 1591 – Jacobus Gallus, Slovenian composer (born 1550)
1601–1900
[edit]- 1608 – Joachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg (born 1546)
- 1610 – Caravaggio, Italian painter (born 1571)
- 1639 – Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, German general (born 1604)
- 1650 – Robert Levinz, English Royalist, hanged in London by Parliamentary forces as a spy (born 1615)[70]
- 1695 – Johannes Camphuys, Dutch politician, Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies (born 1634)
- 1698 – Johann Heinrich Heidegger, Swiss theologian and author (born 1633)
- 1721 – Jean-Antoine Watteau, French painter (born 1684)
- 1730 – François de Neufville, duc de Villeroy, French general (born 1644)
- 1756 – Pieter Langendijk, Dutch poet and playwright (born 1683)
- 1792 – John Paul Jones, Scottish-American admiral and diplomat (born 1747)
- 1817 – Jane Austen, English novelist (born 1775)[71]
- 1837 – Vincenzo Borg, Maltese merchant and rebel leader (born 1777)
- 1863 – Robert Gould Shaw, American colonel (born 1837)
- 1872 – Benito Juárez, Mexican lawyer and politician, 26th President of Mexico (born 1806)
- 1884 – Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist and academic (born 1829)
- 1890 – Lydia Becker, English journalist, author, and activist, co-founded the Women's Suffrage Journal (born 1827)[72]
- 1892 – Thomas Cook, English travel agent, founded the Thomas Cook Group (born 1808)[73]
- 1899 – Horatio Alger, American novelist and journalist (born 1832)
1901–present
[edit]- 1916 – Benjamin C. Truman, American journalist and author (born 1835)
- 1925 – Louis-Nazaire Bégin, Canadian cardinal (born 1840)
- 1932 – Jean Jules Jusserand, French author and diplomat, French Ambassador to the United States (born 1855)
- 1937 – Julian Bell, English poet and academic (born 1908)
- 1938 – Marie of Romania (born 1875)[74]
- 1944 – Thomas Sturge Moore, English author, poet, and playwright (born 1870)
- 1947 – Evald Tipner, Estonian footballer and ice hockey player (born 1906)
- 1948 – Herman Gummerus, Finnish historian, academic, and politician (born 1877)
- 1949 – Vítězslav Novák, Czech composer and educator (born 1870)
- 1949 – Francisco Javier Arana, Guatemalan Army colonel and briefly Guatemalan head of state (born 1905)
- 1950 – Carl Clinton Van Doren, American critic and biographer (born 1885)
- 1952 – Paul Saintenoy, Belgian architect and historian (born 1862)
- 1954 – Machine Gun Kelly, American gangster (born 1895)
- 1966 – Bobby Fuller, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1942)
- 1968 – Corneille Heymans, Belgian physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1892)
- 1969 – Mary Jo Kopechne, American educator and secretary (born 1940)
- 1973 – Jack Hawkins, English actor (born 1910)
- 1975 – Vaughn Bodē, American illustrator (born 1941)
- 1981 – Sonja Branting-Westerståhl, Swedish lawyer (born 1890)[75]
- 1982 – Roman Jakobson, Russian–American linguist and theorist (born 1896)
- 1984 – Lally Bowers, English actress (born 1914)
- 1984 – Grigori Kromanov, Estonian director and screenwriter (born 1926)
- 1987 – Gilberto Freyre, Brazilian sociologist, anthropologist, historian, writer, painter, journalist and congressman (born 1907)
- 1988 – Nico, German singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and actress (born 1938)
- 1988 – Joly Braga Santos, Portuguese composer and conductor (born 1924)
- 1989 – Donnie Moore, American baseball player (born 1954)
- 1989 – Rebecca Schaeffer, American model and actress (born 1967)[76]
- 1990 – Karl Menninger, American psychiatrist and author (born 1896)
- 1990 – Yun Posun, South Korean politician, 2nd President of South Korea (born 1897)
- 2001 – Mimi Fariña, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1945)
- 2002 – Metin Toker, Turkish journalist and author (born 1924)
- 2004 – André Castelot, Belgian-French historian and author (born 1911)
- 2004 – Émile Peynaud, French wine maker (born 1912)
- 2005 – Amy Gillett, Australian cyclist and rower (born 1976)
- 2005 – William Westmoreland, American general (born 1914)
- 2006 – Henry Hewes, American theater writer (born 1917)[77]
- 2007 – Jerry Hadley, American tenor (born 1952)
- 2007 – Kenji Miyamoto, Japanese politician (born 1908)
- 2009 – Henry Allingham, English soldier (born 1896)[78]
- 2009 – Jill Balcon, English actress (born 1925)
- 2012 – Yosef Shalom Eliashiv, Lithuanian-Israeli rabbi and author (born 1910)
- 2012 – Jean François-Poncet, French politician and diplomat, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1928)
- 2012 – Dawoud Rajiha, Syrian general and politician, Syrian Minister of Defense (born 1947)
- 2012 – Assef Shawkat, Syrian general and politician (born 1950)
- 2012 – Hasan Turkmani, Syrian general and politician, Syrian Minister of Defense (born 1935)
- 2012 – Rajesh Khanna, Indian actor (born 1942)
- 2013 – Vaali, Indian poet, songwriter, and actor (born 1931)
- 2013 – Olivier Ameisen, French-American cardiologist and academic (born 1953)
- 2014 – Andreas Biermann, German footballer (born 1980)
- 2014 – João Ubaldo Ribeiro, Brazilian journalist, author, and academic (born 1941)
- 2014 – Dietmar Schönherr, Austrian-Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1926)
- 2015 – Alex Rocco, American actor (born 1936)
- 2018 – Jonathan Gold, American food critic (born 1960)[79]
- 2018 – Adrian Cronauer, American radio personality (born 1938)[80]
- 2021 – Tom O'Connor, English comedian (born 1939)[81]
- 2023 – Oommen Chandy, Indian politician, former Chief Minister of Kerala (born 1943)[82]
- 2024 – Lou Dobbs, American political commentator and television host (born 1945)[83]
- 2024 – Abner Haynes, American football player (born 1937)[84]
- 2024 – Bob Newhart, American comedian and actor (born 1929)[85]
Holidays and observances
[edit]- Christian feast day:
- Arnulf of Metz[86]
- Bruno of Segni[87]
- Camillus de Lellis (optional memorial, United States only)[87]
- Eadburh (or Edburga) of Bicester[88]
- Elizabeth Ferard (Church of England)[89]
- Frederick of Utrecht[90]
- Maternus of Milan[91]
- Pambo[92]
- Philastrius[93]
- Symphorosa[87]
- Theodosia of Constantinople[94]
- July 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Constitution Day (Uruguay)[95]
- Nelson Mandela International Day[96]
References
[edit]- ^ Livy, VI.1; Plutarch, Camillus IX; Tacitus, Histories II.91; Ovid gives a different date of 13 February in the Fasti, II.195-6
- ^ An alternative year of 390 BC was traditionally favoured
- ^ Andres Furger; Andres Furger-Gunti; Maria Angelica Borrello; Felix Müller (1991). Helvetian gold: Celtic treasures from Switzerland : exhibition catalogue. Swiss National Museum.
- ^ Byzantinoslavica. Academia. 2006. p. 66.
- ^ Robert Chazan (23 November 2006). The Jews of Medieval Western Christendom: 1000–1500. Cambridge University Press. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-139-45987-7.
- ^ G. Fattorusso (1930). Wonders of Italy: the monuments of antiquity, the churches, the palaces, the treasures of art, a handbook for students and travellers. G. Fattorusso. p. 215.
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External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to July 18.
- "On This Day". BBC.
- The New York Times: On This Day
- "Historical Events on July 18". OnThisDay.com.