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By territory Overview Response
Early elements Aftermath Remembrance
The following list of Holocaust victims consists of people whose achievements or notability other than the manner of their death merit their own Wikipedia article.
Aerial photo of the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin .
By nationality
Austria
Belarus
Czechoslovakia
France
Germany
Hungary
Netherlands
Poland
Name
Dates
Occupation
Kazimierz Bartel 1882-1941
Prime Minister of Poland 1926-1930
Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński 1874-1941
gynaecologist , artist
Antoni Cieszyński 1882-1941
physician, dentist, surgeon
Władysław Dobrzaniecki 1897-1941
physician, surgeon
Maximilian Kolbe 1894-1941
friar, Catholic saint
Janusz Korczak 1878-1942
doctor, child physician, wartime hero
Antoni Łomnicki 1881-1941
mathematician
Kazimierz Proszyński 1875-1945
inventor
Bruno Schulz 1892-1942
writer
Stefan Starzyński 1893-1943
politician, economist, writer, statesman
Włodzimierz Stożek 1883-1941
mathematician
Stefan Rowecki 1895-1944
general, journalist, leader of Armia Krajowa
Jan Rubczak 1884-1942
painter, graphic artist
Nicolaus Rossini 1898-1943
artist, wartime hero
Stanisław Ruziewicz 1889-1941
mathematician
By occupation
Literature and publishing
Name
Dates
Location
Walter Benjamin 1892-1940
German literary critic and philosopher
Felix Fechenbach 1894-1933
German journalist and activist
Else Feldmann 1884-1942
Austrian writer and journalist
Anne Frank 1929-1945
German teenage diary writer
Egon Friedell 1878-1938
Austrian writer and philosopher
Julius Fučík 1903-1943
Czech resistance leader
Mordechai Gebirtig 1877-1942
Yiddish poet, musician and composer
Peter Hammerschlag 1902-1942
Austrian writer and graphic artist
Walter Hasenclever 1890-1940
German expressionist writer
Georg Hermann died 1943
Auschwitz Writer
Franz Hessel died 1941
Sanary-sur-Mer author, translator
Etty Hillesum died 1943
Auschwitz
writer
Jakob van Hoddis died 1942
Sobibór writer
Milena Jesenská died 1944
Ravensbrück journalist
Marcell Klang died 1942
Mauthausen writer
Jochen Klepper died 1942
Berlin writer (suicide)
Erich Knauf died 1944
Brandenburg journalist, poet
Gertrud Kolmar died 1943
Auschwitz
writer
Anton de Kom died 1945
Neuengamme author, human rights activist
Alma Maria König died 1942
Minsk writer
Adam Kuckhoff died 1943
Berlin-Plötzensee writer, dramatist, resistance fighter
Walter Landauer died 1944
Bergen-Belsen publisher
Walter Lindenbaum died 1945
Buchenwald writer
Philip Mechanicus died 1945
Auschwitz
journalist
Selma Meerbaum-Eisinger died 1942
writer
Erich Mühsam died 1934
Oranienburg writer, anarchist
Willi Münzenberg died 1940
(France)
publisher, politician (suicide/murder)
Irène Némirovsky died 1942
Auschwitz
writer
Carl von Ossietzky died 1938
Berlin
publicist
Ruth Rewald died 1942
Auschwitz
writer
Erich Salomon died 1944
Auschwitz
photojournalist
Libertas Schulze-Boysen died 1942
Berlin-Plötzensee
film critic, resistance fighter
Jura Soyfer died 1939
Buchenwald
writer
Else Ury died 1943
Auschwitz
writer
Vladislav Vančura died 1942
Prague writer, doctor
David Vogel d. 1944/5
Auschwitz
writer
Ernst Weiss died 1940
Paris writer (suicide)
Theodor Wolff died 1943
Berlin
writer, publicist
Stefan Zweig died 1942
(Brazil)
writer (suicide)
Theatre and Film
Ernst Arndt , Film actor (d. Treblinka concentration camp , 1942 oder 1943)Maria Bard , Actress (d. Berlin 1944, Suicide)Hans Behrendt , Film director, Screenplay writer, Actor (d. during transport to Auschwitz concentration camp , 1942)Horst Birr , Actor, Film comedian (d. Berlin (?) 1944, Executed)Eugen Burg , Actor (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1944)Robert Dorsay , Actor (d. Bremen 1941, Suicide)Max Ehrlich , Actor (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Kurt Gerron , Actor (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1944)Emil Goldmann , Film director (d. Mauthausen concentration camp 1942)Joachim Gottschalk , Actor (d. Berlin 1941, Suicide)Fritz Grünbaum , Actor (d. Dachau concentration camp 1941)Hans Henninger , Film actor (d. (Ort?) 1937, Suicide to avoid forthcoming arrest for homosexuality)Kurt Lilien , Actor (d. Sobibor concentration camp 1943)Hans Meyer-Hanno , Film actor, Stage designer, Draughtsman, Resistance fighter (d. Berlin 1945, Shot)Paul Morgan , Actor (d. Buchenwald concentration camp 1938)Hans Otto , Actor (d. Berlin 1933, murdered)Paul Otto , Actor (d. Berlin 1943, Suicide)Joseph Schmidt , Singer, Actor (d. Internierungslager Girenbad /Switzerland 1942)Otto Wallburg , Actor (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Meta Wolf , Actress (d. Berlin 1941, Suicide)
Visual arts
Alma del Banco , Painter and Graphic artist (d. Hamburg 1943, Suicide)Otti Berger , Textile artist (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Josef Capek , Painter, Draughtsman, Illustrator, Writer (d. Bergen-Belsen concentration camp 1945)Ernst Epstein , Architect (d. Wien 1938, Suicide to avoid forthcoming arrest)Henri Epstein , Painter (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Otto Freundlich , Painter, Graphic artist, Sculptor, Philosopher (d. Majdanek concentration camp 1943)Bedrich Fritta , eigentlich Fritz Taussig , Illustrator, Caricaturist (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Peter Kien , Painter, Poet (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Imre Kinszki , Photographer, Writer (d. Sachsenhausen concentration camp 1945)Ernst Ludwig Kirchner , Painter (d. Frauenkirch-Kirchboden 1938, Suicide)Julo Levin , Painter (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1943)Elfriede Lohse-Wächtler , Painter (d. Pirna-Sonnenstein 1940 als Opfer der Aktion T4 )Käthe Löwenthal , Painter (d. Vernichtungslager Izbica 1942)Valentin Nagel , Painter (d. München 1942 after several heart infarctions from reprisals)František Moric Nágl , Painter (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Felix Nussbaum , Painter (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Erich Ohser (Pseudonym: e.o. plauen ), Caricaturist, Painter (d. Berlin 1944 Suicide before being executed)Nicolaus Rossini , Painter (d. Krakow-Plaszow 1943 - executed by firing squad)Hubert Rüther , Painter (d. Dresden 1945 from reprisals as a forced worker)Charlotte Salomon , Painter (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1943)Franz Graf Schaffgotsch , Painter (d. Dubrovnik 1942 in a Croatian internment camp)Malvina Schalková , Painter (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1942)Luise Straus-Ernst , Artist and Art historian (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Gerta Taro , Photographer (d. Escorial/Spain 1937, run over by a tank in the Condor Legion )Heinrich Tischler , Painter (d. Breslau 1938 an den Folgen der Haft im Buchenwald concentration camp )Yva , eigentlich Else Ernestine Neulaender-Simon , Photographer (d. Majdanek concentration camp vermutlich 1942)
Music
Pavel Haas , Composer (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Gideon Klein , Composer (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1945)Hans Krása , Composer (d. Auschwitz concentration camp-Birkenau 1944)Karlrobert Kreiten , Pianist (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1943, Executed)Alma Maria Rosé , Violinist, Conductor (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Franz Schreker , Composer, Conductor (d. Berlin 1934 by a stroke after reprisals) Siegmund Schul , Composer (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1944)Leonore Schwarz-Neumaier , Opera singer (d. Majdanek concentration camp 1942)
Composers
Humanities
Walter Benjamin , Philosopher (d. Port Bou/France 1940, Suicide, to avoid extradition)Marc Bloch , Historian (d. Saint-Didier-de-Formans 1944)Ludwig Brügel , Historian (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1942)Mildred Harnack , Literary historian, Translator, Resistance fighter (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1943, Executed)David Koker , Historian (d. while being transported from Groß-Rosen concentration camp to Dachau concentration camp 1945)Friedrich Münzer , Classical scholar (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1942)Elise Richter , Professor of Romance Philology (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1943)Anselm Ruest , Literary historian, Philosopher (d. Carpentras/France 1943 from the strain of flight and internment)
Natural sciences
Walter Arndt , Zoologist (d. Brandenburg 1944, Executed)Felix Auerbach , Physicist (d. Jena 1933, Suicide)Ludwig Berwald , Mathematician (d. Łódź Ghetto 1942)France Bloch-Sérazin , Chemist (d. Hamburg 1942)Otto Blumenthal , Mathematician (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1944)Paul Epstein , Mathematician (d. Dornbusch 1939, Suicide)Felix Hausdorff , Mathematician (d. Bonn 1942, Suicide)Friedrich Hartogs , Mathematician (d. Großhesselohe 1943, Suicide)Adolf Lindenbaum , Mathematician (d. Ghetto Vilnius 1941)Robert Remak , Mathematician (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1942)Georg Rick , Mathematician (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1942)Stanislaw Saks , Mathematician (d. Warsaw (Warsaw) 1942, murdered in prison by the Gestapo)Juliusz Pawel Schauder , Mathematician (d. Lemberg 1943, von der Gestapo murdered)Alfred Tauber , Mathematician (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1942)
Klaus Bonhoeffer , Jurist (d. Berlin, 1945, Executed)Hans von Dohnanyi , Jurist (d. Sachsenhausen concentration camp 1945, Executed)Ernst Eckstein , Jurist, Politician (d. Breslau-Dürrgoy concentration camp 1933)Reinhold Frank , Lawyer (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1945, Executed)Martin Gauger , Jurist, Pacifist (d. NS-Tötungsanstalt Sonnenstein 1941)Maurice Halbwachs , Sociologist, Economist, Philosopher (d. Buchenwald concentration camp 1945)Arvid Harnack , Jurist, National economist, Resistance fighter (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1942, Executed)Hans Koch , Lawyer, Resistance fighter (d. Berlin 1945, Executed)Helmuth James Graf von Moltke , Jurist (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1945, Executed)Karl Sack , Jurist (d. Flossenbürg concentration camp , 1945 Executed)Rüdiger Schleicher (d. Berlin 1945, Executed)Cläre Tisch , Economist (d. Minsk 1941, missing)Friedrich Weißler , Jurist (d. Sachsenhausen concentration camp 1937)Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg , Jurist (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1944, Executed)
Dietrich Bonhoeffer , Theologian (d. Flossenbürg concentration camp 1945)Juliusz Bursche , evangelical regional bishop from Poland (d. Gestapo-Gefängnis Berlin-Moabit, 1942)Victor Dillard , Priest (d. Dachau concentration camp 1945)Alexander Falzmann , Priest (d. Dachau concentration camp 1942)Anton Fränznick , Priest (d. Dachau concentration camp 1944)Jakob Gapp , Priest (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1943, Executed) Helmut Hesse , Theologian (d. Dachau concentration camp 1943)Regina Jonas , Rabbi (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Jochen Klepper , Theologian, Journalist (d. Berlin 1942, Suicide shortly before forthcoming deportation)Carl Lampert , Vicar (?) (d. Halle an der Saale 1944, Executed)Friedrich Lorenz , Priest (d. Halle an der Saale 1944, Executed)Max Josef Metzger , Priest (d. Zuchthaus Brandenburg 1944, Executed)Kai Munk , Theologian, Writer (d. Hørbylunde/Denmark 1944, murdered by an SS-Sonderkommando)Paul Schneider , Clergyman (Buchenwald concentration camp 1939)Herbert Simoleit , Chaplain (d. Halle an der Saale 1944, Executed)Edith Stein , Theologian, Philosopher, Writer (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1942)
Sport
Edgar André , Communist (d. Hamburg 1936, Executed)Friedrich Aue , Communist (d. Brandenburg 1944, Executed)Judith Auer , Resistance fighter (d. Berlin 1944, Executed)Bernhard Bästlein , Communist (d. Brandenburg 1944, Executed)Albrecht Graf von Bernstorff , Diplomat (d. Berlin 1945, Murdered in custody)Cato Bontjes van Beek , Resistance fighter (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1944, Executed)Rudolf Breitscheid , Social democrat (d. Buchenwald concentration camp , 1944)Hans Coppi , Resistance fighter (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1942, Executed)Hilde Coppi , Resistance fighter (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1943, Executed)Otto Eggerstedt , Social democrat (d. Esterwegen concentration camp 1933)Fritz Elsas , Politician (d. Sachsenhausen concentration camp , 1945)Georg Elser , Manual labourer, Rotfront-Kämpfer (d. Dachau concentration camp 1945, Executed)Carl Friedrich Goerdeler , Mayor of Leipzig, Putschist (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1945, Executed)Herschel Grynszpan , Resistance fighter (d. Ort and Datum unbekannt, wahrscheinlich im Gestapo-Gefängnis Berlin-Moabit )Max Habermann , Trade unionist (d. im Gefängnis von Gifhorn 1944)Albrecht Haushofer , Diplomat, Writer (d. Berlin-Moabit 1945, Executed)Rudolf Henning (d. Sachsenhausen concentration camp 1944, Executed)Rudolf Hilferding , Social democrat (d. Paris, 1941 in Gestapo-Haft)Otto Hirsch , Representation of German Jews (d. Mauthausen concentration camp , 1941)Camill Hoffmann , Diplomat, Writer (d. Auschwitz concentration camp 1944)Franz Jacob , Communist (d. Brandenburg 1944, Executed)Walter Krämer , Communist (d. KZ Goslar 1941, "shot while trying to escape")Marian Kudera , Resistance fighter (d. Dachau concentration camp 1944, Executed)Albert Kuntz , Communist (d. Nordhausen 1945 an den Folgen der Folter)Ludwig Landmann , DDP Politician, Mayor of Frankfurt am Main (d. 5. März 1945, im Versteck verhungert)Julius Leber , Socialist (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1944, Executed)Wilhelm Leuschner , Politician (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1944, Executed)Marinus van der Lubbe , Communist (d. Leipzig, 1934)August Lütgens , Communist (d. Amtsgericht Altona, 1933, Executed)Rosa Manus , Women's rights advocate (d. Ravensbrück concentration camp 1943)Walter Möller , Communist (d. Amtsgericht Altona, 1933, Executed)Ottilie Pohl , Resistance fighter (d. Theresienstadt concentration camp 1942)Fritz Pröll , Resistance fighter (d. Nordhausen 1944, Suicide due to threatened torture)Anton Saefkow , Communist, Resistance fighter (d. Zuchthaus Brandenburg 1944, Executed)Ernst Schneller , KPD Politician (d. Sachsenhausen concentration camp 1944, Executed)Werner Scholem , Communist (d. Buchenwald concentration camp 1940)Hans Scholl , Resistance fighter, Medical student (d. München-Stadelheim 1943, Executed)Sophie Scholl , Resistance fighter, Student (d. München-Stadelheim 1943, Executed)Bruno Tesch , Communist (d. Amtsgericht Altona, 1933, Executed)Ernst Thälmann , KPD Politician (d. Buchenwald concentration camp 1944, Executed)Mathias Thesen (d. Sachsenhausen concentration camp 1944, Executed)Adam von Trott zu Solz , Diplomat (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1944, Executed)Karl Wolff , Communist (d. Amtsgericht Altona, 1933, Executed)
Military
Ludwig Beck , General, Putschist (d. Berlin 1944, Shot)Wilhelm Canaris , Military information service (d. Flossenbürg concentration camp 1945, Executed)Erich Fellgiebel , Officer (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1944, ExecutedWerner von Haeften , Jurist, Adjutant of Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (d. Berlin 1944, Shot)Erich Hoepner , demoted Colonel General, member of Military opposition about Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg , (d. Berlin-Plötzensee , Executed)Albrecht Ritter Mertz von Quirnheim , General, Putschist (d. Berlin 1944, Shot)Friedrich Olbricht , General, Putschist (d. Berlin 1944, Shot)Hans Oster , Chief of staff (d. Flossenbürg concentration camp 1945, Executed)Harro Schulze-Boysen , Officer, Publicist (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1942, Executed)Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg , Chief of staff of General Army Office, Putschist (d. Berlin 1944, Shot)Carl Heinrich von Stülpnagel , Military commander in Occupied France (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1944, Executed)Henning von Tresckow , Major General, Putschist (d. near Ostrov, Russia 1944, Suicide)Erwin von Witzleben , Field Marshal (retired) (d. Berlin-Plötzensee 1944, Executed)
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(includes people who survived...) Olga Benario-Prestes (),Menachem Birnbaum (),Mordecai Gebirtig (),Peter Hammerschlag (),Felix Hausdorff (),Georg Hermann (),Henri Hinrichsen (),Else Hirsch (),Jenische (),Kinder von Izieu (),Alfred Klahr (),Julius Klinger (),Gertrud Kolmar (),Salo Landau (),Agathe Lasch (),Fritz Löhner-Beda (),Robert Remak (),Nico Richter (),Emanuel Ringelblum (),Alma Rosé (),Isidor Isaak Sadger (),Erich Salomon (),Otto Josef Schlein (),Zikmund Schul (),Leo Smit (),Hona Lissauova (),This list includes people from public life who, owing to their origins, their political or religious convictions, or their sexual orientation, lost their lives as a result of Nazism. People who died in concentration camps are listed alongside those who were murdered by the National Socialists or who from political motives or to avoid being murdered chose suicide.
See also
